topic 4 Flashcards
what is respiration
an exothermic reaction because it releases energy from glucose
in aerobic respiration what is glucose reacted with
oxygen which produces carbon dioxide and water + energy
aerobic respiration equation
glucose + oxygen —–> carbon dioxide and water
what does aerobic respiration release and why
lots of energy because the glucose molecule has been fully oxidised
when do muscle cells respire anaerobically
when there is a shortage of oxygen
what is the equation for anaerobic respiration
glucose ——-> lactic acid + energy
anaerobic respiration does not require …
oxygen
what does anaerobic respiration do compared to aerobic respiration
it releases much less energy
why in anaerobic respiration is less energy released
because the oxidation of glucose is incomplete
anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast equation
glucose ——-. ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
what is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called
fermentation
what causes bread to rise
carbon dioxide produced by fermentation creates bubbles in the bread causing the bread to rise
during exercise, why does the body need energy
for muscle contraction
because the body needs more energy what increases
aerobic respiration increases
what does the “aerobic respiration increases” mean for the body
the body cells require more oxygen
to provide extra oxygen what 3 things increase
breathing rate
- breathing volume
- heart rate
what does breathing more frequently and taking deeper breathes get into the body
it gets more oxygen into the blood stream
why does heart rate increase
to get oxygenated blood around the body
where in the body does anaerobic respiration happen during exercise
in the muscles
what does the oxidation of incomplete glucose lead to
it leads to a build up lactic acid
during long periods of vigorous exercise what does the lactic acid do to muscles
it causes the muscles to become fatigued
what does the muscles becoming fatigue mean
the muscles stop contracting efficiently
what creates oxygen debt
when the body has to remove lactic acid from the muscles
how is the lactic acid transported out of the muscles
by the blood
