Topic 4&5 - Carbohydrates & Lipids

Question 1

Monosaccharide

Answer 1

A carbohydrate made up of a single sugar residue

Question 2

Disaccharide

Answer 2

A carbohydrate made up of two sugar residues

Question 3

Oligosaccharide

Answer 3

A carbohydrate made up of 3-10 sugar residues

Question 4

Polysaccharide

Answer 4

A carbohydrate made up of more than 10 sugar residues

Question 5

Aldose

Answer 5

A carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is an aldehyde.

Question 6

Ketose

Answer 6

A carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is a ketone

Question 7

Lipid

Answer 7

A biological molecule that is largely hydrophobic and thus insoluble in water

Question 8

Fatty Acid

Answer 8

A carboxylic acid with a long hydrocarbon side chain

Question 9

Amphiphillic

Answer 9

A molecule that is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic

Question 10

Amphipathic

Answer 10

A molecule that is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic

Question 11

Saturated

Answer 11

A fatty acid that is fully reduced, thus contains no double (or triple) bonds

Question 12

Unsaturated

Answer 12

A fatty acid containing double bonds

Question 13

CH₃(CH₂)₁₀COOH

Answer 13

Systematic Name: Dodecanoic acid

Common Name: Lauric Acid

Symbol: 12:0

Saturated Fatty Acid

Question 14

CH₃(CH₂)₁₂COOH

Answer 14

Systematic Name: Tetradecanoic acid

Common Name: Myristic Acid

Symbol: 14:0

Saturated Fatty Acid

Question 15

CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH

Answer 15

Systematic Name: Hexadecanoic acid

Common Name: Palmitic Acid

Symbol: 16:0

Saturated Fatty Acid

Question 16

CH₃(CH₂)₁₆COOH

Answer 16

Systematic Name: Octadecanoic acid

Common Name: Stearic Acid

Symbol: 18:0

Saturated Fatty Acid

Question 17

CH₃(CH₂)₁₈COOH

Answer 17

Systematic Name: Eicosanoic acid

Common Name: Arachidic Acid

Symbol: 20:0

Saturated Fatty Acid

Question 18

CH₃(CH₂)₅CH=CH(CH₂)₇COOH

Answer 18

Systematic Name: 9-Hexadecanoic acid

Common Name: Palmitoleic acid

Symbol: 16:1n-7

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 19

CH₃(CH₂)₇CH=CH(CH₂)₇COOH

Answer 19

Systematic Name: 9-Octadecanoic acid

Common Name: Oleic Acid

Symbol: 18:1n-9

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 20

CH₃(CH₂)₄(CH=CHCH₂)₂(CH₂)₆COOH

Answer 20

Systematic Name: 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid

Common Name: Linoleic Acid

Symbol: 18:2n-6

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 21

CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)3(CH2)6COOH

Answer 21

Systematic Name: 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid

Common Name: α-Linolenic acid

Symbol: 18:3n-3

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 22

CH₃(CH₂)₄(CH=CHCH₂)₄(CH₂)₂COOH

Answer 22

Systematic Name: 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid

Common Name: Arachidonic acid

Symbol: 20:4n-6

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 23

CH₃CH₂(CH=CHCH₂)₅(CH₂)₂COOH

Answer 23

Systematic Name: 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid

Common Name: EPA

Symbol: 20:5n-3

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 24

CH₃CH₂(CH=CHCH₂)₆CH₂COOH

Answer 24

Systematic Name: 4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosohexenoic acid

Common Name: DHA

Symbol: 22:6n-3

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 25

Answer 25

Glyceraldehyde

Question 26

Answer 26

Glycerol

Question 27

Answer 27

Pyran

Question 28

Answer 28

Furan

Question 29

Answer 29

Glucose

Question 30

Answer 30

Galactose

Question 31

Answer 31

Fructose

Question 32

Saturated Fatty Acids 12: 0 14: 0 16: 0 18: 0 20: 0

Answer 32

Dodecanoic Acid/Lauric Acid Tetradecanoic Acid/Myristic Acid Hexadecanoic Acid/Palmitic Acid Octadecanoic Acid/Stearic Acid Eicosanoic Acid/Arachidic Acid

Question 33

16: 1n-7 18: 1n-9 18: 2n-6 18: 3n-3 20: 4n-6 20: 5n-3 22: 6n-3

Answer 33

9-Hexadecenoic Acid/Palmitoleic Acid 9-Octadecenoic Acid/Oleic Acid 9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid/Linoleic Acid 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid/α-Linolenic acid 5,8,11,15-Eicosatetraenoic Acid/Arachionic Acid 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic Acid/EPA 4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosohexenoic Acid/DHA

Question 34

16:1n-7/9-Hexadecenoic Acid ## Footnote 18: 1n-9/9-Octadecenoic Acid 18: 2n-6/9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid 18: 3n-3/9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid 20: 4n-6/5,8,11,15-Eicosatetraenoic Acid 20: 5n-3/5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic Acid 22: 6n-3/4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosohexenoic Acid

Answer 34

Palmitoleic Acid Oleic Acid Linoleic Acid α-Linolenic acid Arachionic Acid EPA DHA