Topic 4 Flashcards
Marvin creates a television ad that alternates between images of coffins and people buying cigarettes. He is hoping that people who watch the ad will develop negative feelings toward buying cigarettes after seeing these ads. What is the conditioned stimulus being conditioned in Marvin’s ad?
Images of people buying cigarettes
A dog is first conditioned to salivate to a tone. Then a light is paired with the tone for a number of trials. Finally, the light is presented alone, and the dog salivates. What is this procedure called?
higher order conditioning
What is higher order conditioning?
When a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a conditioned stimulus that is already associated with a desired response
What is first order conditioning?
A conditioned response is acquired by pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus
A smart political candidate becomes friends with a very popular professional baseball player because she hopes that this will improve her popularity with the voters. With regard to classical conditioning principles, the professional baseball player would best be viewed as a(n) ____________.
Already established conditioned stimulus
Two parents nag their child all the time to clean their room. About a month later, the parents notice that the child started tidying up the room to avoid the frequent nagging. This is an example of what?
negative reinforcement
A woman reports feeling happy whenever she smells hot dogs and campfires because of the association of these smells with her favourite family vacations. What is the combined smell of hot dogs and campfires in this example?
Conditioned stimulus
What is delay conditioning?
the CS is presented alone and the US overlaps shortly after
What is backward conditioning?
the US occurs before the CS
What is simultaneous conditioning?
CS and US start at the same time and end around the same time
What is trace conditioning?
the CS starts and ends before the US starts
In which temporal relationship between the unconditioned stimulus and the neutral stimulus is the unconditioned stimulus presented before the neutral stimulus ends, but after it starts?
Delay conditioning
How could higher order conditioning be described?
A conditioned stimulus functions like an unconditioned stimulus
What wouldn’t strengthen the classical conditioning response?
presenting the US before the CS
In which temporal relationship between the unconditioned stimulus and the neutral stimulus is the unconditioned stimulus presented after the neutral stimulus ends?
Trace conditioning
