Topic 3.5- How to Optimise Training and Prevent Injury Flashcards
What is the definition of acute injury?
What is the definition of overuse injury?
What are fractures?
What is a greenstick fracture?
What is a transverse fracture?
What is an impacted fracture?
What is a comminuted fracture?
What is an oblique fracture?
Sudden injury from a traumatic event
Sustained from a repeated action
A broken or cracked bone
Breaks only part way across the bone
Breaks straight across
Pieces are locked into each other
Broken into more than two pieces
A break at an angle.
What are the five ways to prevent injury?
- Correct use of the principles of training
- Warming up and cooling down properly
- Equipment
- Checking facilities
- Playing to the rules
What is concussion?
What are the symptoms of concussion?
An injury normally caused by a blow to the head
- Nausea
- Headache
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Abnormalities
- Change in ability to focus
- Change in sleep habits
- Sensitivity to light and sound
- Blurry vision.
What is the definition of a dislocation?
What can a dislocation often lead to and why?
What is a sprain?
What is usually the cause of a torn cartilage?
What three things is a strain?
What are tennis and golfer’s elbow?
What can abrasions or grazes be caused by?
What are muscle strains and tears, tennis and golfers elbow and abrasions defined as?
Where a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position
Can often lead to further dislocations as ligaments around the joint become over stretched
Damage to a ligament
Usually overuse injury
A twist, pull or tear of a muscle or a tendon
Both of these injuries are strains that happen by stretching or tearing the muscle or tendon
Friction of the skin against a rough surface
Soft tissue injuries.
What is the usual process of treatment for minor and soft tissue injuries and explain each part?
What is a drug and what does a drug do?
What are side effects?
How can performance enhancing drugs help a person and in what three ways?
What is blood doping?
How is blood doping achieved?
What does blood doping increase?
Rest- Stop
Ice- Maximum of 20 minutes in an hour
Compression- Putting pressure on injury limits swelling
Elevation- Raise the injury, helping to keep the swelling down
A substance that can be taken in a variety of ways to produce expected and welcome physical and/or psychological effects on the person taking it
Effects that are both unpleasant and unwanted as a result of drug taking
By enhancing a person’s performance in a some way, either in physical activity and training or in daily life
An illegal attempt to improve performance in sporting events
By artificially increasing the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream
The blood’s ability to bring oxygen to the muscles.
What are anabolic steroids?
What two things do anabolic steroids increase?
What three impacts does this therefore have on the athlete?
What are some of the side effects of anabolic steroids?
What are beta blockers and what four things do they do?
What are some of the side effects of beta blockers?
What two things are diuretics used to increase?
What does this therefore speed up?
What are two examples of why diuretics might be taken?
Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth
Muscle mass and develop bone growth
Increases strength while at the same time allowing the athlete to train harder and recover quicker
Increased aggression, increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, high blood pressure, liver disease, increased risk of muscle injury, infertility in women and in extreme cases death
Drugs that maintain a low heart rate and lower blood pressure, as a result stress levels and anxiety are reduced
Nausea and diarrhoea, tiredness, depression, insomnia and nightmares
Used to increase the amount of urine produced and to increase kidney function
The elimination of fluid from the body
- Taken for athletes who need to lose weight
- Taken in an attempt to reduce the concentration of any other banned substance that may be present in the urine.
What are two side effects of diuretics?
What do narcotics and analgesics drugs do?
In what two ways do they do this?
What two things can increase due to an athlete taking these drugs?
What are some of the side effects of narcotics and analgesics drugs?
What is human growth hormone (HGH) used to increase?
What are narcotics?
What are analgesics?
Dehydration and long term effects such as kidney problems
Help athletes return to playing and training as quickly as possible
By depressing the central nervous system and give relief from painful injuries
They can increase the risk of severe or long-lasting injury
Loss of concentration, loss of balance, loss of co-ordination, emotion effects including hallucinations
Muscle development
Drugs that affect mood or behaviour, inducing drowsiness and relieving pain
A painkilling, or pain relieving drug.
What are peptide hormones often used for?
What two things are peptide hormones mostly used to increase and assist?
What do peptide hormones increase and what three things does this allow for?
What does Erythropoietin (EPO) do?
What does it therefore increase?
What is growth hormone (GH) used for?
What are stimulants and what are some examples of things they improve?
What are stimulants especially useful at offsetting the effects of?
Often used to produce the same effects as anabolic steroids
Increase muscle growth and to assist in recovery from injury and heavy training sessions
The number of red blood cells allowing the body to carry extra oxygen and disperse waste products and lactic acid
Increases the production of red blood cells
The amount of haemoglobin available to take up oxygen
To increase muscle development
Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and/or physical alertness
Lactic acid on muscles.
What are some of the side effects of stimulants?
What is the effect of having a higher concentration of red blood cells in the blood?
What does it therefore increase?
What does a PAR-Q stand for?
What is the definition of a PAR-Q?
What does WADA stand for?
What does UKADA stand for?
Insomnia, irritability, irregular heart beat, increased heart rate, high blood pressure, addiction
It can improve your VO2 max (aerobic capacity)
Your endurance
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
A self-screening tool that can be used by anyone who is planning to start an exercise or training routine
World Anti-Doping Agency
United Kingdom Anti-Doping Agency.
