Topic 3 - Salts and Analysis Flashcards
Sulfuric Acid (acid - formula - type of salt - Formula)
Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4 - Sulfates - SO4
Nitric Acid (acid - formula - type of salt - Formula)
Nitric Acid - HNO3 - Nitrates - NO3
Hydrochloric Acid (acid - formula - type of salt - Formula)
Hydrochloric Acid - HCl - chlorides - Cl
Phosphoric Acid (acid - formula - type of salt - Formula)
Phosphoric acid - H3PO4 - Phosphates - PO4
Ethanoic Acid (acid - type of salt )
Ethanoic Acid - Ethanoate
Alkali
A soluble base is an alkali-hydroxide (OH)
e.g. Sodium Oxide - Na2O (Base)
Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH (Alkali)
What are also bases? (not alkali)
Metal carbonates
Analysing Salts - Flame Test
Dip a wire loop into the sample and heat it in hot flame
Analysing Salts - Test with sodium hydroxide
Add a few drops to a solution of the salt, then add excess
Analysing Salts - Test with silver nitrate
Add a small amount of nitric acid to a small amount of the salt solution (to remove any other carbonates present), followed by a few drops of silver nitrate
Analysing Salts - Test with barium Chloride
Add a small amount of hydrochloric acid (added to remove any other carbonates or hydroxides that would interfere with the test) to a small amount of the salt solution followed by a few drop of barium chloride
Analysing Salts - Test for carbonate
Add any dilute acid to a small amount of metal carbonate. Effervescence will appear. The gas evolved can be collected and bubbled through limewater.
Metal + acid
Salt + hydrogen
Metal + salt
Salt + Metal
Metal + Oxygen
Metal oxide
