Topic 2 - Metals and the Reactivity series Flashcards

1
Q

Ores

A

Metal compounds that contain a high enough percentage of the metal to make it economically viable to extract

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2
Q

Most reactive to Least Reactive

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
Potassium

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3
Q

How are metals above carbon extracted

A

Through electrolysis

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4
Q

In a displacement reaction

A

Metals below carbon can be heated with carbon

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5
Q

copper oxide + carbon =

A

copper + carbon dioxide

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6
Q

Reduction

A

When oxygen is removed from the metal by carbon

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7
Q

Native metals

A

Metals like silver and gold are found as pure substances in the Earth’s crust

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8
Q

Properties of Metals (non - pure)

A
  • Hard
  • Strong
  • Ductile
  • Malleable
  • Sonorous
  • Lustrous
  • Dense
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9
Q

Pure Metals

A

Soft and Malleable because layers of atoms can slide over each other when a force is applied

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10
Q

Alloys

A

Mixtures of metals plus one or other elements; harder than pure metals

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11
Q

How do different size atoms disrupt the regular arrangements of atoms?

A

Layers of atoms can no longer slide over each other when a force is applied

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12
Q

metal + acid =

A

salt + hydrogen

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13
Q

Metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will displace

A

hydrogen from acids form a salt and hydrogen

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14
Q

A salt formed is named after …

A

the metal and the type of acid.

e.g. calcium + nitric acid = calcium nitrate

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15
Q

Displacement Reactions

A

When a metal is added to a compound containing a metal lower down in the reactivity series, the more reactive metal displaces. This results in the formation of a different compound

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16
Q

Metal + salt =

e.g. potassium + silver chloride =

A

salt + metal

e.g. potassium chloride + silver

17
Q

More reactive metals also react with

A

water.

18
Q

group 1 metals are unusual because

A

they are soft and very reactive; they are stored in oil as they react quickly with oxygen in the air

19
Q

metal + water =

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

20
Q

Universal indicator turns an alkali

A

purple (metal hydroxides are alkaline)

21
Q

When testing for hydrogen

A

Burning splint - pops when placed in hydrogen