Topic 3 - Redox 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is oxidation?

A

the loss of electrons or H+ ions

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2
Q

What is reduction?

A

the gain of electrons or H+ ions

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3
Q

What is an oxidation number?

A

a number that relates to the charge of a species which can be used to determine whether the species is being oxidised or reduced
(shows how many electrons need to be added to a species to make it neutral)

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4
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

a reaction where oxidation and reduction take place

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5
Q

What is a disproportionation reaction?

A

a reaction where a single species within a rxn is both oxidised and reduced simultaneously

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6
Q

Is a species being oxidised or reduced if its oxidation number increases during a reaction?

A

oxidised

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7
Q

Is a species being oxidised or reduced if its oxidation number decreases during a reaction?

A

reduced

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8
Q

What is an oxidising agent?

A

a substance that removes electrons from another species (oxidises it) but is reduced itself

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9
Q

What is a reducing agent?

A

a substance that gives electrons to another species (reduces it) but is oxidised itself

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10
Q

What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?

A

0

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11
Q

What is always the oxidation number of a group 1 element?

A

+1

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12
Q

What is always the oxidation number of a group 2 element?

A

+2

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13
Q

What is usually the oxidation number of combined hyrogen?

What is its oxidation number when it is a hydride (bonded to a metal)?

A

+1

as a hydride: -1

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14
Q

What is usually the oxidation number of combined oxygen?

And when it is a peroxide/superoxide?

A
  • 2

peroxide: -1

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15
Q

What is the oxidation number of a group 7 element?

And what is the exception to this?

A

-1

unless it is combined with something more electronegative

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16
Q

What is the oxidation number of a simple ion?

A

the same as the charge of the ion

17
Q

What are half equations used for?

A

to represent oxidation/reduction of a single species in a reaction