Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NSG 322 - Psych > Topic 3: Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Topic 3: Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Cluster A personality disorders symptoms

A

odd/eccentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

types of Cluster A personality disorders

A

paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cluster B personality disorders symptoms

A

dramatic, emotional, erratic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

types of Cluster B personality disorders

A

antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

types of Cluster C personality disorders

A

avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cluster C personality disorders symptoms

A

Anxious, fearful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In general, personality disorders are associated with:

A

*problems in interpersonal relationships,
*a limited capacity to respond effectively to stress,
*limited availability of social support,
*higher health service use and a lower quality of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

core symptoms of personality disorder

A

-behavior deviates markedly form the norm
-onset in adolescence or early adulthood
-pattern leads to significant distress for the person or impairment in functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disorders of personality usually emerge in…..

A

adolescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

psychological factors that could lead to personality disorders

A

Childhood trauma:
*Excessively harsh and erratic discipline, alcoholic parent(s), and abusive and chaotic home life are risk factors for borderline PD (BPD) and antisocial PD (APD) in particular.
*Sexual abuse is a risk factor for BPD.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which groups are at higher risk for personalities disorder

A

*Native Americans
*African-Americans
*Young adults
*Lower socioeconomic status
*Divorced, separated, widowed, or never married

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

groups with lower rates of personality disorders

A

*Asian families
*Jewish families
(Might be attributed to stronger family ties)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

paranoid personality disorder is characterized by…

A

-characterized by a pervasive distrust of others, including even friends, family, and partners
-Hold grudges (can be litigious)
-display pathologic jealousy
-dwell on past slights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

-do not seek out or enjoy personal relationships
-natural tendency to direct attention towards self
-may appear detached, aloof, cold
-restricted range of emotional expression and fail to reciprocate gestures or facial expressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A

characterized by oddities of appearance, behavior, and speech, unusual perceptual experiences, and anomalies of thinking similar to those seen in schizophrenia
-People with schizotypal PD often fear social interaction and think of others as harmful EXCESSIVE SOCIAL ANXIETY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which personality disorder has a higher than average probability of developing schizophrenia

A

schizotypal PD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)

A

*Pervasive pattern of disregard for or violation of the rights of others
*Deceitfulness
*Irritability and aggressiveness
*Irresponsibility
*Reckless disregard for the safety of others
*Lack of remorse
*Impulsiveness; risky behaviors to “feel alive”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder

A

*Characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking - the ‘Drama Queen’
*flirtatious or seductive, need to be center of attention
*flamboyant and theatrical with an exaggerated degree of emotional expression
*appear disingenuous and insincere
*Flighty, fickle
*Highly suggestible and easily influenced by others
*Difficulty cultivating intimate personal relationships due to behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A

*Grandiose sense of self-importance
*Preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love.
*Believes s/he is “special” and unique and can only be understood by (or should only associate with) other special or high status people
*Requires excessive admiration
*Sense of entitlement
*Is interpersonally exploitative
*Lacks empathy
*Often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him
*Arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

A

DSM5: “pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects, and marked impulsivity, beginning in early adulthood”
Often present in crisis
*Powerless, vulnerable and inherently unacceptable
*High sensitivity to emotional triggers
*Inappropriate or intense anger
*Strong fear of abandonment
*Intense and unstable relationships
*Impulsivity (substance abuse and indiscriminate sexual activity)
*Compulsive shopping or shoplifting
*Frequent suicidal ideation and gestures, self harm (cutting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

frequently in BPD, there is a history of

A

childhood abuse and neglect

22
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder

A

Persons believe that they are socially inept, unappealing, or inferior, and constantly fear being embarrassed, criticized, or rejected.
*Avoids occupational activities involving significant interpersonal contact
*Unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked.
*Shows restraint within intimate relationships (fear of being shamed or ridiculed).
*Preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations.
*Inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy.
*Unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in new activities because they may prove embarrassing.

23
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder

A

*Strong need to be cared for by others
*‘Clingy’ behavior
*Easily submits to the desires and wishes of others
*Goes to great lengths to avoid conflict
*Vulnerable to manipulation and abuse
*Finds it very difficult to be alone

24
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive(Anankastic) Personality Disorder

A

*Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules
*Perfectionism interferes with task completion
*Excessively devoted to work & productivity (to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships)
*Overly conscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible
*Often unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects
*Reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they submit to exactly his or her way of doing things
*Miserly spending style
Shows rigidity and stubbornness

25
nursing care for an individual with PD
*Develop relationship based on empathy and trust, while maintaining appropriate boundaries *Remain alert to suicide risk *Promote effective coping and problem solving *Promote development and engagement with their support network *Work collaboratively with staff to ensure consistency in treatment and approach *Support and promote self care and coping for families or significant others of the client
26
types of therapy for PD
*Psychotherapy *Psychodynamic Therapy *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy *Dialectical Behavior Therapy *STEPPS
27
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) primary focus:
*Stabilizing client, achieving behavioral control, regulating emotions, developing distress tolerance skills, and constantly using crisis interventions
28
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) target behaviors include decreasing:
*Life-threatening suicidal behaviors *Therapy-interfering behaviors *Quality-of-life interfering behaviors
29
Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS)
a 20 week manual driven program (2 trainers and 6-10 participants) for reducing the intensity of those with BPD
30
Challenges in Working with Clients with Personality Disorders
*Clients' problems can overwhelm staff, leading to feelings of confusion, helplessness, anger, and frustration *Clients are abusive of authority and successful in splitting staff in an attempt to defend against the client's own feelings of frustration and powerlessness. *When splitting occurs, conflict ensues *Untrained staff members are particularly susceptible *May become vengeful in response to a perception of the client's a sense of entitlement, manipulation, dependency, ingratitude, impulsivity, and rage
31
Importance of Teamwork & Collaboration in patients with PD
*Have frequent communications among staff members *SET LIMITS on client behavior *Strive for CONSISTENCY and limit setting *Provide necessary support when behavior of client starts to affect confidence, feelings, behaviors, and effectiveness of staff members. *Assess your own reactions toward the client *Have frequent discussions with peers
32
once manipulative behaviors are identified, how should they be documented
*Behaviors should be objectively documented (time, date, circumstances)
33
how to manage maladaptive behaviors
*Provide clear boundaries and consequences *Enforce consequences
34
what should be avoided when managing maladaptive behaviors
*Discussing yourself or other staff members with client *Promising to keep a secret *Accepting gifts from client *Doing special favors for client
35
what medications can be used for those with PD
*Treating the symptoms can be helpful *Benzodiazepines (maintenance dosing) for anxiety are not appropriate because of the potential for abuse and overdose; they may be used in emergency situations
36
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) treat
*co-morbid depression and panic attacks
37
Trazodone and venlafaxine have
low toxicity in overdose
38
Carbamazepine targets
impulsivity and self-harm
39
*Lithium, anticonvulsants, SSRIs
*minimize aggression
40
*Atypical antipsychotics
*help with psychotic features in BPD under stress.
41
Guidelines & Tx: Paranoid PD
*d/t inherent distrust; all prearranged promises, appointments, and schedules should be STRICTLY adhered to *not too nice; be clear & straightfwd *use simple language; neutral, kindly affect *if PT exhibits threatening behavior, SET LIMITS Tx: psychotherapy (1st line). indiv therapy focuses on prof. & trusting relationship. SET LIMITS. Group therapy for social skills. Meds: antianxiety w/ diazepam; sev. agitation w/ haloperidol (short term); paranoid ideation w/ pimozide
42
Guidelines & Tx: Schizoid PD
*avoid being too nice/friendly *AVOID effort to promote PT socialization *PT may be open to discussing coping and anxiety *assess to identify symptoms the PT is reluctant to discuss *protect against ridicule from group members d/t PT interests/ideas Tx: psychotherapy, indiv. therapy 1st, then group. Meds: No specific; however, depressive s/s tx w/ bupropion, emotional express w/ risperidone or olanzapine
43
Guidelines & Tx: Schizotypal PD
*respect PT need for social isolation *nsg aware of PT suspiciousness *careful assess. of SI *awareness of strange beliefs/activities are norm Tx: no specific; help identify cognitive distortions, though usually avoid tx d/t anxious paranoia; may be active in unusual cults Meds: antipsychotic w/ risperidone or olanzapine; MDD/anxiety s/s tx w/ SSRI or anxiolytics
44
Guidelines & Tx: Histrionic PD
*NSG understand that seductive behavior is a STRESS response *comms & inact. = always professional *PT may exaggerate s/s *encourage and model CONCRETE and descriptive language *help PT clarify their own feelings *teach and model ASSERTIVENESS *ass. SI Tx: Psychotherapy = clarify feelings, group therapy (could be good and bad, d/t distracting s/s) Meds: no specific; antidepressants for depressive/somatic s/s; antianxiety; antipsychotics for delusions
45
Guidelines & Tx: Narcissistic PD
*nsg remain neutral & recognize source of behavior (shame & fear of abandonment) *help to identify goals and develop stronger self-identity *use therap. nsg-pt relation to model meaningful interactions *avoid power struggles or defensiveness *do not directly challenge grandiose statements *model empathy Tx: indiv. CBT; group therapy; otherwise not likely to seek tx Meds: lithium dec. mood swings; antidepressants
46
Guidelines & Tx: Avoidant PD
*nsg friendly, accepting, reassuring *pushing them into social situations = sev. anxiety *convey acceptance of PT fears *provide exercises to enhance social skills (use caution) *assertiveness training to help express needs Tx: indiv and group for anxiety; psychotherapy for trust and assertiveness Meds: antianxiety, beta blockers (atenolol), SSRI (citalopram)/SNRI (venlafaxine)
47
Guidelines & Tx: Dependent PD
*help pt identify/address current stressors *awareness that countertransference may develop d/t clinginess *nsg-pt relation = testing ground for increase assertiveness Tx: psychotherapy (1st line); CBT can supplement Meds: no specific; antidepress/antianxiety; TCA (imipramine) for panic attacks
48
Guidelines & Tx: Obsessive-Compulsive
*guard against power struggles (need for ctrl is high) *pt difficulty with unexpected change *provide structure yet allow extra time for rituals *help PT identify ineffective coping and develop better ways Tx: group, CBT, DBT to learn better coping skills Meds: Clomipramine to reduce obsessions/anxiety/depression; fluoxetine
49
Guidelines & Tx: Borderline PD
*ass. SI/violence twd others; if present, immediate attn *nsg neutral & matter-of-fact *staff splitting *SET LIMITS & CONSISTENCY Tx: CBT, DBT, Schema-focused therapy Meds: no specific; SSRI, anticonvulsants, lithium for mood regulation; naltrexone for reduce self-harm; 2nd gen antipsych for anger ctrl
50
Guidelines & Tx: Antisocial PD
*nsg maintain consistency, support, boundaries, and limits *they tend to be angry, manipulative, and aggressive d/t limited freedom *be direct when discussing concerns *assist pt to recognize anger and triggers; actively listen and show empathy to defuse Tx: CBT (MBT long term), DBT, group therapy Meds: no specific; lithium or valporic acid for aggression/depression/impulsivity; SSRI: fluoxetine & sertraline ro irritability; benzo (w/ caution); methylphenidate if ADHD

NSG 322 - Psych (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions