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Physics Additional > Topic 3 - Motion And Forces > Flashcards

Topic 3 - Motion And Forces Flashcards

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0
Q

What is speed?

A

How FAST you are going with NO regard to direction

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1
Q

What are speed and velocity measured in?

A

m/s(or km/h or mph)

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2
Q

What is velocity?

A

How fast you are going WITH regard to direction. The distance in a particular direction is called displacement.

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3
Q

What is displacement

A

The distance in a particular direction

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4
Q

Velocity and displacement depend on what?

A

SIZE and DIRECTION

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5
Q

What is acceleration?

A

How quickly a velocity is changing

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6
Q

How is the change in velocity effected?

A

Change in SPEED or change in DIRECTION (or both)

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7
Q

Is acceleration a vector quantity?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

It has a magnitude and direction

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9
Q

Important facts on DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS

A
  • Gradient = speed
  • Flat sections are where is has stopped
  • Steeper the graph, faster it’s going
  • Downhill lines = going back to starting point
  • Curves = acceleration or deceleration
  • Steepening curve = speeding up
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10
Q

How do you calculate the speed of a distance-time graph?

A

Find the gradient- vertical / horizontal

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11
Q

Important facts on velocity time graphs

A
  • Gradient = acceleration
  • Flat sections = steady speed
  • Steeper the graph = greater acceleration or deceleration
  • Uphill sections (/) = acceleration
  • Downhill sections () = deceleration
  • Area under any section on graph (or all of it) = distance travelled in that time interval
  • A curve = changing acceleration
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12
Q

How to find acceleration of velocity time graph

A

Find gradient = y / x = vertical / horizontal

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13
Q

Forces on a stationary object?

A
  • Gravity/weight (down)
  • Reaction force (pushing up)

(They are equal)

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14
Q

Forces on steady horizontal velocity with forces in balance

A

Thrust (forward)
Drag (backward)
Gravity/Weight (down)
Reaction (up)

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15
Q

Forces on steady vertical velocity with forces in balance

A

Drag (up)

Weight/Gravity (down)

16
Q

Forces on horizontal acceleration with forces unbalanced

A

Only acceleration arrow labelled (forward)

Put arrows around car but no words except ‘acceleration’

17
Q

Forces on vertical acceleration with forces unbalanced

A

Less drag (upwards)

More weight (down) and acceleration (down)

18
Q

What is weight caused by and what is it measured in?

A

Caused by pull or gravity, and it’s a force measured in newtons

19
Q

Is mass a force?

A

NO!

20
Q

What is mass? What is it measured in?

A

How much ‘stuff’ in an object, measured in kg

21
Q

If you go to the moon, what is changed: your mass or your weight?

A

Your mass stays the SAME. Your weight CHANGES

22
Q

Falling object in a vacuum fall at the same rate or a different rate?

A

The SAME rate

23
Q

Why do falling objects in a vacuum accelerate at the same rate?

A

Because space (a vacuum) has no air resistance, so there is no resistance to slow down falling objects - the only acting force on an object is gravity.

24
Q

Objects falling through and atmosphere reach a what?

A

Terminal velocity

25
Q

Why do objects falling through an atmosphere reach a terminal velocity?

A
  • When falling objects first set off, they have more force (weight/gravity) accelerating them than air resistance slowing them down
  • As speed increases, air resistance increases
  • Air resistance gradually increases and reduces the acceleration until it is equal to weight and gravity of falling object
  • When two forces are balanced, the object will not accelerate any more. It will have reached maximum speed - its terminal velocity.
26
Q

When two bodies interact, what happens to the force?

A

They exert force onto eachother

27
Q

If object A exerts force on Object B, what happens next?

A

Then object B exerts the exact opposite force (but same size) on object A.

28
Q

No resultant force means what for velocity?

A

No change in velocity

29
Q

To keep a steady speed of an object there should be how much resultant force?

A

ZERO! NONE!

30
Q

What does resultant force mean?

A

Acceleration

31
Q

If the resultant force acting on a body is not zero, it will accelerate in what direction?

A

The direction of the resultant force

32
Q

What happens to the acceleration or deceleration when the resultant force is big?

A

Acceleration and deceleration will be greater

33
Q

If there’s an overall force, the object will..

A

Accelerate

34
Q

It the object has a steady speed, the forces are…

A

Balanced

Physics Additional (9 decks)

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