Topic 3 - Lesson 1

Question 1

What is a Eukaryotic cell?

Answer 1

They are larger than prokaryotic cells and they have a nucleus, mitochondria/chloroplasts

Question 2

Centrioles

Answer 2

They are hollow cylinders made up of a ring of nine protein microtubes. They are involved in the formation of spindle fibres

Question 3

Mitochondria

Answer 3

The inner of its two membranes is folded to form finger like projections called cristae. Mitochondria is the site of aerobic respiration

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Enclosed by an envelope composed of two membranes perforated by pores. It contains chromosomes made of DNA that control the synthesis of protein

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

A dense body within the nucleus where ribosomes are made

Question 6

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)

Answer 6

A system of interconnected membrane bound flattened sacs. Ribosomes are attached to the outer surface. Proteins are made on these ribosomes are transported through the ER to other parts of the cell

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Made of RNA and protein, these organelles are found free in the cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum. They are the site of protein synthesis

Question 8

Cell Surface Membrane

Answer 8

It is a phospholipid bilayer containing proteins and other molecules forming a partially permeable barrier

Question 9

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER)

Answer 9

It is like a rough ER but it doesn’t have nay attached ribosomes, it makes lipids and steroids

Question 10

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 10

Stacks of flattened membrane-bound sacs formed by fusion of vesicles from the ER. It modifies proteins and packages them in vesicles for transport

Question 11

Lysosomes

Answer 11

They are spherical sacs that contain digestive enzymes and are bound y a membrane. They are involved in the breakdown of unwanted structures within the cell.