Topic 3:Infection and Response

Question 1

Antibiotics

Answer 1

Medicines that help to cure bacterial disease by killing infective
bacteria inside the body

Question 2

Clinical drug testing

Answer 2

Drug testing done on healthy human volunteers and

patients.

Question 3

Communicable disease

Answer 3

A disease that can be spread between individuals either

directly or indirectly.

Question 4

Double blind trial

Answer 4

A study performed where neither the researcher or patient

know whether the patient is taking the drug or a placebo.

Question 5

Gonorrhoea

Answer 5

A sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a bacterium with symptoms of a thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or penis and pain
on urinating

Question 6

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Answer 6

An infectious virus that weakens the

immune system and can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).

Question 7

Malaria

Answer 7

A disease caused by a protist that causes recurrent episodes of fever and can be fatal.

Question 8

Measles

Answer 8

A serious disease caused by a virus that shows symptoms of fever and a red skin rash

Question 9

Monoclonal antibodies

Answer 9

Antibodies produced from a single clone of cells

that are specific to one binding site on one protein antigen.

Question 10

Non-communicable disease

Answer 10

A disease which cannot be spread between

individuals.

Question 11

Non-specific defence

Answer 11

General physical and chemical barriers that defend the

body against lots of different types of pathogen

Question 12

Pathogens

Answer 12

Microorganisms that cause infectious disease.

Question 13

Placebo

Answer 13

A substance designed to be indistinguishable from a drug being tested
but has no actual effect on the patient.

Question 14

Preclinical drug testing

Answer 14

Drug testing done in a laboratory using cells, tissues

and live animals.

Question 15

Salmonella

Answer 15

A bacterial disease that is spread by bacteria ingested in food and
can cause a fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea.

Question 16

Side effects

Answer 16

Other additional effects that the drug has that are different from the
expected effect of the drug

Question 17

Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)

Answer 17

A widespread plant pathogen affecting many
species of plants which produces a mosaic pattern on the leaves and limits the
plant growth.

Question 18

Vaccination

Answer 18

The process of introducing small quantities of dead or inactive forms of a pathogen into the body to stimulate the white blood cells to produce
antibodies

Question 19

White blood cell

Answer 19

An important type of cell that makes up the immune system and
produces antibodies and antitoxins.

Question 20

Viruses

Answer 20

They move into cells and use the biochemistry of it to make as many copies of itself. This leads to the cell bursting and releases all its copies into the bloodstream. and causes the person to feel ill.

Question 21

Protists

Answer 21

Theyre parasitic so they use animals and humans as hosts

Question 22

Fungi

Answer 22

They can be single celled or have a body made of hyphae