Topic 3 Elements mixtures and compounds

Question 1

what are all materials made up of

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

What is found in the centre (nucleus) of an atom

Answer 2

Protons (+) and Neutrons (no charge)

Question 3

What floats around an atom in shells

Answer 3

Electrons (-)

Question 4

What is an element

Answer 4

Made up of only ONE type of atom
eg helium made up of helium atoms,
iron made up of iron atoms only

Question 5

What is a compound

Answer 5

Two or more elements chemically joined togeher e.g. carbon and oxygen joined make carbon Dioxide - are difficult to separate

Question 6

What is a mixture

Answer 6

two or more elements mixed together but can be easily separated

Question 7

If magnesium is burned in air (oxygen) what is made

Answer 7

Magnesium Oxide

Question 8

What is the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen

Answer 8

Magnesium + Oxygen —–> Magnesium Oxide

Question 9

Separation technique
How would you separate a mixture of sand and salt (an insoluble and soluble material)

Answer 9

Dissolving -
add to water to dissolve the salt
Filtration
Filter through filter funnel to separate the insoluble sand from salt solution
Evaporation
evaporate the water and the salt will remain

Question 10

How would you separate colours in ink

Answer 10

Chromatography
put ink on the filter paper and add to water - the water will travel up the paper and separate the colours in the ink

Question 11

How can you separate oil and water

Answer 11

Put in a separating funnel - the oil floats on water so can tap of the water

Question 12

How can you separate water from salty water

Answer 12

Distillation
heat up the solution so the water evaporates - as it cools it will condense and turn back to water