Topic 3 Flashcards
Name the four types of pathogen
Bacteria
Protist
Fungus
Virus
How does bacteria make you ill?
Produced Toxins
What are Bacteria?
Very small cells
How do viruses make you ill
Live in cells and rapidly replicate themselves using your cells machinery and eventually your cell will burst releasing all the new viruses
What are Protists?
Single-celled Eukaryotes
How do protists make you ill?
Most protists are parasites that live on an Organism and are transferred by vector
How does fungi make you ill?
Hyphae can grow and penetrate human skin and surface of plants causing disease
What are fungi?
Single-felled and have a body made up of hyphae
Name 3 viral diseases
Measles
HIV
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
How is measles spread?
Droplets from an infected persons cough or sneeze
Symptoms of measles?
Red skin rash and fever
How do you prevent spread of measles?
Vaccination
How is HIV spread?
Sexual contact
exchanging body fluids
Symptoms of HIV
Flu like symptoms
Hat drug is used to control HIV?
Antiretroviral drugs
What does HIV do to your body?
Attacks the Cells in the immune system
What does TMV cause?
Mosaic pattern on leaves and discolouration
Effects of TMV?
Plants can’t do photosynthesis
Give a fungal disease
Rose black spot- causes black spots to grow on leaves and prevents them from photosynthesising
Name a Protist disease
Malaria
How is malaria spread?
Mosquitos transfer the protist when they feed off animals
Symptoms of malaria
Fever
How is malaria stopped?
Stopping Mosquitos from breeding or use of insecticides and mosquito nets
Name 2 bacterial diseases
Salmonella
Gonorrhoea
What causes Salmonella?
Contaminated food
What does salmonella cause?
Food poisoning
Symptoms of Salmonella
Fever
Cramps
Diarrhoea
How is Salmonella stopped?
Poultry are vaccinated
What is Gonorrhoea
STD
How is Gonorrhoea spread
Sexual Contact
Symptoms of Gonorrhoea
Pain when urinating
Yellow or green discharge from genitals
How to prevent Gonorrhoea
Antibiotics
Contraception
4 ways disease can be reduced
Being hygienic
Destroying vectors
Isolating infected
Vaccination
Explain the defence system
Skin - barrier
Nose - hair and mucus trap particles
Trachea- waft mucus up to back of throat
Stomach- acid
