Topic 3 Flashcards
what is the ILO (international labour organisation)?
it focuses on labour issues. it aims to promote international labour standards.
what is direct discrimination?
when rules exclude or give preference to certain individuals solely due to their membership of a particular group or because of a specific characteristic. example: a company who is only willing to hire men over women.
what is indirect discrimination?
norms and practices which at first appear neutral, but they actually affect specific types of people. example: a height requirement for a job, as this may exclude ethnic minorities who fall below this minimum height requirement.
what significant implications for policy-making does indirect discrimination have?
1) treating different people in the same way may sometimes deepen existing inequalities
2) indirect discrimination prompts a thorough examination of the rule and procedures within workplaces to identify those that harm particular groups.
3) the use of statistics to determine whether a neutral criterion has the effect of disadvantaging people.
what are the examples of different treatments that aren’t discriminatory?
In certain situations, it is considered acceptable to treat people differently based on specific job requirements. For example, being male or being female is often considered a legitimate qualification for jobs entailing physical intimacy.
Also, religious belief may also constitute a genuine criterion in some positions. For example, practicing a particular faith is an essential requirement to teach in religious educational establishments.
What are the grounds for discrimination in the ILO Convention No.111 and reading?
In addition to the seven grounds for discrimination explicitly mentioned in the ILO’s Convention No. 111 (race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction and social origin), others include disability, age, sexual orientation, state of health and trade union membership.
How does the author describe intersectional/multiple discrimination?
intersectional discrimination is where different forms of discrimination interact with each other to produce unique forms of disadvantage for individuals
what are the 3 models of equality?
1) individual justice model- aims to reduce discrimination by eliminating considerations based on personal characteristics that are deemed irrelevant to the actual job.
2) group justice model- this is more about the results of decisions on hiring
3) equality as recognition of diversity- this model views equality as recognition of diversity
