Topic 2.2 Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterial cell walls

A

Prevents cell swelling and bursting and giving the cell its structure some have a slime layer which is formed by starch and protein, gelatin and protein. Protects by white blood cells
Marks the cell so they can identified by the cell

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2
Q

Pili and flagella

A

Pili are Made out of protein and found in ecoli and salmonella

Flagella can move their on their own 100 revolution per second

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3
Q

Cell surface membrane

A

Is the site of respitory enzymes and can be used for photosynthesis

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4
Q

Plasmids

A

Circles of DNA can be resistant to a particular antibiotics

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5
Q

Nucleoid

A

Larger circle of DNA. Doesn’t have a membrane nucleus and folded over

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6
Q

70 ribosomes

A

Smaller then 80 ribosomes and carry out photosynthesis

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7
Q

Gram staining and bacteria cell walls

A

All the bacterial cell walls peptidlycan this is why they are vulnerable to certain antibiotics and can be dehydrated in ethanol

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8
Q

Antibiotics and call wall

A

They aim at the 70 ribosomes sine don’t effect the bacteria cells

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9
Q

Alternate ways of classifying bacteria

A
  1. By their shape
    2.grouped by requirements
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10
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

A solution with a higher concentration of solutions and lower concentration of watery than the surrounding solution

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11
Q

Petidoglycan

A

Large net like molecule found in all bacteria cell walls made up of many parallel polysaccharide chains with cross linkages

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12
Q

Pili

A

Thread like protein projection found in the surface of some bacteria

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13
Q

Bacteriophages

A

Viruses that attack bacterial

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14
Q

Mesosomes

A

In folding of the cell membrane of bacteria

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15
Q

Gram staining

A

Stain technique used to distinguish type of bacteria by their cell wall

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16
Q

Gram- positive bacteria

A

Bacteria that contain certain teicholic acid in their cell walls made up and that can be stained blue or purple with staining

17
Q

Teicholic acid

A

A chemical found in cells if gram positive bacteria

18
Q

Gram- negative

A

Have no teiecholic acid in their cell walls made up so Turing it red

19
Q

Cocci

A

Spherical bacteria

20
Q

Bacilli

A

Rod shaped bacteria

21
Q

Spirilla

A

Have a twisted or spiral shape

22
Q

Vibrios

A

Comma shaped bacteria

23
Q

Obligate aerobic

A

Organism that need oxygen for respiratory

24
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Organism that use oxygen that can also respirate without oxygen

25
Q

Obligate anaerobic

A

They can only respirate without oxygen but it can kill it