Topic 2 - Waves

Question 1

What does a longitudinal wave look like?

Answer 1

))) ) ) ) ))) ) ) ) )))

Question 2

What does a travserve wave look like?

Answer 2

Wavy like multiple sidways s

Question 3

What does water transfer?

Answer 3

transfers energy, vibrations and causes oscillations

Question 4

what is the deffonition of a longitudinal wave?

Answer 4

A longitudinal wave has vibration that are parallel to the energy transfer, this causes rarfraction and compressions

Question 5

what type of wave is light?

Answer 5

a transerve wave

Question 6

What is the deffonition of a transverse wave?

Answer 6

a transverse wave has vibrations that are perpendicular to the energy transfer, this causes peaks and troughts

Question 7

what is frequency of waves

Answer 7

How many waves per second
measure: Heartz (Hz)

Question 8

what is a wave

Answer 8

a wave transferes energy from one place to another without any overall transfer of matter

Question 9

how is a wave created

Answer 9

something needs to vibrate, a collection of partciles or an electromagnetic field

Question 10

what is the definition of frequency and what is the unit

Answer 10

the frequency of a wave is the number of vibrations per second (Hz Hertz)

Question 11

what is the definition of a time period

Answer 11

time period is the time for one vibration (s seconds)

Question 12

what is the definition of amplitude

Answer 12

the amplitude is the maximum displacement of a vibration from its rest position

Question 13

what is the definition of wavelength

Answer 13

the distance from a point on a wave to the same point on the next wave (peak to peak) (m metres)

Question 14

what is the relationship between time period and frequency

Answer 14

time period = 1/ frequency

Question 15

what is wave speed

Answer 15

the speed at which energy is transfered through the medium

Question 16

how do you measure the speed of sound in air

Answer 16

• one person stands a large distance away from person two and make a loud, visible noise
• the distace between them should be measured with a tape measure
• person 2 starts the clock when they see the sound being made and stop the clock when they hear the sound
• speed calculated by
  speed = distance / time

Question 17

what is the relationship between wave speed, frequency and wavelength

Answer 17

wave speed = frequency x wavelength

Question 18

how can you measure the speed of ripples on water surface

Answer 18

using a ripple tank, use a ruler and then divide by 10 to find one wavelength, you can read the frequency from the signal generator

speed = frequency x wavelength

Question 19

what is the difference between diffuse and specular reflection

Answer 19

• specular reflections happens when light is incident on smooth surfaces, they are parralel rays f incident light relfected ina perpendicular manner and remain parralel.
• diffuse reflection happens on rough surfaces, parralel rays of light do not remain paralell to each other and are scattered in different directions

Question 20

what is refraction

Answer 20

refractinon is the change in speed of a wave when it reaches the boundary between two different materials

Question 21

why does refraction happen

Answer 21

it happens because materials have different optical densities, this cuses the wave to change direction

Question 22

what happens to frequency and wavelength when a wave undergoes refratction

Answer 22

when a wave undergoes refraction its frequency dosent change, thi is becaue the source of the wave dosent change at all.

• is a wave refracts because it speeds up the wavelength increases
• if a wave refracts becuase it slows down the wavelength will decrease

Question 23

what effect does the refraction of light lead do

Answer 23

refraction of light at water / air causes objects to appear closer to the water surface than they actualy are

Question 24

what are electromagnetic waves

Answer 24

electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that transfer enegry from the source of the waves to an absorber

Question 25

what are the waves in the elctromagnetic spectrum

Answer 25

long wavelength, low frequency
- radio waves
- microwaves
- infrared
- visible light
- ultraviolet
- x-rays
- gamma rays
short wavelength, high frequency

Question 26

what are the comon uses for the waves in the elctromagnetic spectrum

Answer 26

• radio waves: broadcasting and comunications
• microwaves: cooking and comunications
• infrared: heaters, night vision, remote controls
• visible light: we use it to see
• ultraviolet: flourescent lamps
• x-rays: medical equipment
• gamma rays: sterilising food and medical equipment

Question 27

what are the hazards of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 27

over-exposure to certin types of electromagnetic radiation can be harmfull, the higher the frequency of the radiation, the more damage it is likely to cause to the body