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P.E > Topic 2- Sports Psychology > Flashcards

Topic 2- Sports Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What are open skills?

A

Those that are affected by the surrounding environment and have to be adapted as they are done

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2
Q

Give examples of an open skill

A

Pass in hockey
Dribbling in football
Rugby tackle

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3
Q

What is a closed skill?

A

Those that are not affected by the surrounding environment

They have more of a set pattern and are pre-planned

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4
Q

Give examples of closed skills

A

Penalty kick in football
Gymnastics vault
Tennis serve

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5
Q

What is a basic skill?

A

Skills that are simple, require little thought and decision making

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6
Q

Give examples of basic skills

A

Running
Swimming
Cycling
Chest pass

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7
Q

What is a complex skill?

A

Skill that is difficult and requires a lot of info to be processed
Lots of concentration required

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8
Q

Give examples of complex skills

A

Dribble past defenders
Rock climbing
Passing a baton

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9
Q

What is a low organisation skill?

A

Skills that are easy to do and have clear separate phases which can be broken down

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10
Q

Give examples of a low organisation skill

A

Tennis serve

Triple jump

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11
Q

What is a high organisation skill?

A

Skill that is harder to do and can’t be broken down

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12
Q

Give examples of high organisation skills

A

Golf swing

Tumbling in gymnastics

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13
Q

What is massed practice?

A

When there are little/no breaks in a session- same skill is repeated

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14
Q

Give an example of massed practice

A

30 mins forehand drives in tennis

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15
Q

What is the advantage of massed practice?

A

Correct movement pattern is grooved

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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of massed practice?

A

Boring
Tiring
Lead to errors

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17
Q

When is massed practice used?

A

When a performer is:
Older
Fitter
Experienced/ motivated/ skilled

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18
Q

What classification of skill use massed practice?

A

Basic
Low organisation
closed

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19
Q

What is distributed practice?

A

When there are breaks in the session providing rest or change in activity

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20
Q

What are the advantages of distributed practice?

A

Prevents boredom

Doesn’t get tired

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21
Q

What is the disadvantage of distributed practice?

A

Performer may not gain the skill in the time allowed

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22
Q

When us distributed practice used?

A

When the performer is:
A beginner
Young
Not very fit

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23
Q

What classification of skills use distributed practice?

A

Complex
Open
High organisation

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24
Q

What is fixed practice?

A

When a whole movement of a skill is repeatedly practiced in the same way

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25
Q

When us fixed practiced used?

A

When sport made up of closed skills

Practices a situation similar to performance one

26
Q

What happens during fixed practice?

A

Situation does not change
Routine repeated
Equipment stay same

27
Q

What is variable practice?

A

Same skill is repeated in different situations

28
Q

When is variable practice used?

A

When sport is made up of open skills because situation is changing

29
Q

What are the values of goal setting?

A

Increased:
Motivation, focus and standard
Improved:
Monitoring of progress and planning

30
Q

What does SMART stand for?

A 
Specific 
Measurable 
Achievable 
Realistic 
Time bound
31
Q

In SMART what does specific mean

A

your goal must be clear- cannot be vague

32
Q

In SMART what does measurable mean?

A

Must be able to be measured in units e.g time distance or numbers

33
Q

In SMART what does achievable mean?

A

Means it is something possible for you to do

Avoid setting targets that are too difficult

34
Q

In SMART what does realistic mean?

A

One that is possible given all factors involved

E.g do you have the time or training facilities

35
Q

In SMART what does time bound mean?

A

Goals must be assigned a time frame for completion

36
Q

What is visual guidance?

A

When a performer is shown a skill by:
A video
Pictures
Demonstration

37
Q

What are the advantages of visual guidance?

A

Can copy the movement

Can be done with a group

38
Q

What are the disadvantages of visual guidance?

A

Demonstration may be poor leading to incorrect movements being learnt
Time consuming or expensive if video
Complex movement hard to copy

39
Q

What is verbal guidance?

A

When performer is told about info and how to complete the correct technique

40
Q

Who is visual guidance good for?

A

Beginners

41
Q

Who is verbal guidance good for?

A

Experienced performers

42
Q

What are the advantages of verbal guidance?

A

Instruction can be given quickly
Can be used during performance
No equipment

43
Q

What are the disadvantages of verbal guidance?

A

Some movements difficult to explain

Relies of coach’s communication skills

44
Q

What is manual guidance p?

A

Where the coach physically supports the performer

E.g gymnast coach supporting a handstand

45
Q

What are the advantages of manual guidance?

A

Performer can get a feel for the movement
Builds confidence
Help break down movements

46
Q

What are the disadvantages of manual guidance?

A

Doesn’t feel the same then if the movement was unaided
Performer become dependant on supporter
In correct feel lead to in correct move
Only can done one on one

47
Q

What is mechanical guidance?

A

Coach uses equipment to support performer

48
Q

What are the advantages of mechanical guidance?

A

Performer gets a feel for movement
Builds confidence
Reduces danger

49
Q

What are the disadvantages of mechanical guidance?

A

Doesn’t feel the same as it would unaided
Performer comes dependant on support
Can’t normally be used with large groups
Incorrect feel incorrect movement

50
Q

What is feedback used for?

A

Provide info about the skill being performed
Help improve skill
Reinforce good practice

51
Q

What makes feedback effective?

A

Not be too long
Be given as soon as possible
Be relevant to performer

52
Q

What is extrinsic feedback?

A

Feedback from outside the performer e.g a coach telling you what you did right or wrong

53
Q

Why is extrinsic feedback important?

A

As Someone watching the skill can observe problems

54
Q

What type of performers would use extrinsic feedback?

A

Less experienced performers

55
Q

What is concurrent feedback?

A

Given during a performance

56
Q

Who would use concurrent feedback?

A

Experience performer

57
Q

Why is concurrent feedback important?

A

A coach can give a performer points

58
Q

what is terminal feedback

A

given after the performance

59
Q

when would terminal feedback be used?

A

when feedback cant be given during a performance e.g diving when a performer is under water

60
Q

what is mental rehearsal?

A

involves mentally practising a skill or movement before physically doing it

61
Q

when can mental rehearsal be used?

A

in a warm up and during

62
Q

what are the advantages of mental rehearsal?

A

can develop an existing skill
focus mind on task
reduce anxiety
build confidence

P.E (6 decks)

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