topic 2- nucleic acids

Question 1

nucleotide

Answer 1

monomer of dna and rna
formed of pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group

Question 2

dna nucleotides

Answer 2

deoxyribose sugar - hydrogen at 2’ position
phosphate group
one of 4 bases- A,T,C,G

Question 3

rna nucleotides

Answer 3

ribose sugar- OH group at 2’ position
- makes it more susceptible to hydrolysis
phosphate group
1 of 4 bases- A,U,C,G

Question 4

phosphodiester bond

Answer 4

formed from condensation reaction between two nucleotides
involves phosphate group and two ester bonds
link 5-carbon of one DOR sugar with 3-carbon of DOR sugar of next molecule

Question 5

sugar phosphate backbone

Answer 5

chain of alternating phosphate groups and pentose sugars
produced as result of many phosphodiester bond

Question 6

hydrogen bonding

Answer 6

anti parallel DNA polynucleotide strands held together by H bonds between N bases

Question 7

complementary base pairing

Answer 7

H bonds always occur between same pairs of bases - DNA base pairs
A–T -> two bonds between
G—C -> three bonds between

Question 8

double helix

Answer 8

shape that DNA molecules form

Question 9

rna structure

Answer 9

similar: many nucleotides in chain
have ACG bases
diff: no T base- U instead
have pentose sugar ribose- not deoxyribose
single stranded
relatively short-