Topic 2 - Monchlonal Antibodies Flashcards
1
Q
What are the ethical issues with vaccines and monoclonal antibodies?
A
- requires animal and human trials
- side effects
- prioritisation during epidemic
2
Q
What are the ethical issues associated with the use of vaccines?
A
- side-effects
- parental consent
- equitable distribution
3
Q
What is the use of animals in vaccine testing?
A
- Vaccines undergo testing on animals to assess safety and efficacy, but ethical concerns exist regarding the use of animals in medical research.
- Some argue against animal testing, citing ethical considerations and advocating for alternative methods such as in vitro testing or computer modeling.
4
Q
What are monoclonal antibodies?
A
- Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced proteins derived from a single clone of immune cells. They are designed to recognise and bind to specific targets known as antigens, with remarkable specificity and uniformity.
5
Q
How are monoclonal antibodies applied in medical research and therapy?
A
- In medical research and therapy, monoclonal antibodies have revolutionised approaches to treating diseases by precisely targeting harmful cells or molecules while sparing healthy ones.
6
Q
What is the diagnostic use of monoclonal antibodies?
A
- bind to particular antigens enabling accurate detection of biomarkers or pathogens
- identify conditions such as infectious disease, hormonal imbalance and cancer growth
7
Q
How do pregnancy tests work?
A
- ## specifically recognise human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by the developing placenta during pregnancy.
8
Q
What are monoclonal antibodies role in cancer cells?
A
- target antigens expressed on the surface of cancer cells, enabling detection and destruction
- monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates harness the specificity of monoclonal antibodies to treat various types of cancer
