Topic 2- Memory Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Sensory register

A

Our immediate memory of sensory information

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2
Q

Short-term memory

A

Our initial memory store that is temporary and limited.

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3
Q

Long-term memory

A

A memory store that holds potentially limitless amounts of information for up to a lifetime.

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3
Q

Long-term memory

A

A memory store that holds potentially limitless amounts of information for up to a lifetime.

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4
Q

Duration

A

The length of time information can be stored in short-term and long-term memory.

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5
Q

Capacity

A

The amount of information that can be stored in short-term and long-term memory.

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6
Q

Encoding

A

Turning sensory information into a form that can be used and stored by the brain.

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7
Q

Rehearse

A

When we repeat information over and over again to make it stick.

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8
Q

Displacement

A

When the short-term memory becomes ‘full’ and new information pushes out older information.

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9
Q

Interference

A

When new information overwrites older information, for example when a new phone number takes the place of an old phone number in your memory.

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10
Q

Processing

A

The operations we perform on sensory information in the brain.

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11
Q

Input

A

For human memory, this refers to the sensory information we receive from our environment.

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12
Q

Storage

A

The retention of information in our memory system.

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13
Q

Encoding

A

Turning sensory information into a form that can be used and stored by the brain.

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14
Q

Acoustic encoding

A

The process of storing sound in our memory system.

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15
Q

Visual encoding

A

The process of storing something that is seen in our memory system.

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16
Q

Semantic encoding

A

The process of storing the meaning of information in our memory system, rather than the sound of a word, we store the definition / meaning of that word.

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17
Q

output

A

refers to our behavioral response from memory

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18
Q

retrieval

A

the recall of stored memories

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19
Q

amnesia

A

memory loss due to an accident, disease or injury

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20
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

no new long-term memories can be formed

21
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

affects the recall of memories prior to an injury to the brain (affects long term memory)

22
Q

active reconstruction

A

memory is not an exact copy of what we experienced, but a reconstruction of events that are influenced by our schema

23
Q

schema

A

a packet of knowledge that influences how we perceive and remember

24
Q

omission

A

leaving out unfamiliar or irrelevant details when remembering something

25
Q

transformation

A

when details are changed to make them more familiar and rational

26
Q

familiarization

A

when unfamiliar details are changed to align with our personal schemas

27
Q

rationalization

A

adding details into our recall to give a reason for something that may have not originally fitted with our schema

28
Q

cognitive interview

A

a police interview designed to ensure that a witness to a crime does not actively reconstruct their memory

29
Q

ecological validity

A

extent to which the findings explain the behavior in different situations

30
Q

subjective

A

based on a personal opinion or feeling

31
Q

sensory register

A

our immediate memory of sensory information

32
Q

attention

A

focus on certain sensory information

33
Q

trigram

A

meaningless string of 3 letters

34
Q

iconic memory

A

sensory register for visual information

35
Q

echoic memory

A

sensory register for auditory information

36
Q

modality free

A

not linked to a specific type of sensory information

37
Q

primacy

A

tendency to recall words at the beginning of a list

38
Q

recency

A

tendency to recall words at the end of a list when asked to remember it

39
Q

serial reproduction

A

Technique where participants retell something to another participant to form a chain

40
Q

Repeated reproduction

A

Technique where participants are asked to recall something again and again

41
Q

Reliable

A

When the outcomes of a study are consistent

42
Q

Statistical analysis

A

Mathematical calculations performed on data go see wether findings could be due to chance

43
Q

Standardized procedure

A

Where the procedure of the study is the same across all conditions

44
Q

Extraneous variables

A

Variables that could affect the results of the study

45
Q

Mundane realism

A

A realistic, everyday task

46
Q

Reductionism

A

Theory of explaining something according to it’s basic constituent parts

47
Q

Reductionist

A

Practice of reductionism

48
Q

Holistic

A

Practice of holism

49
Q

Holism

A

Theory of explaining something as a whole