topic 2 - health across the lifespan

Question 1

prenatal ages

Answer 1

38-42 weeks

Question 2

infancy ages

Answer 2

birth - 2 years

Question 3

early childhood ages

Answer 3

3 - 4 years

Question 4

late childhood ages

Answer 4

5 - 11 years

Question 5

youth ages

Answer 5

12 - 18 years

Question 6

early adulthood ages

Answer 6

19 - 30 years

Question 7

middle adulthood ages

Answer 7

31 - 55 years

Question 8

late adulthood ages

Answer 8

56+ years

Question 9

prenatal characteristics + 3 stages of growth

Answer 9

Growth within the womb
Germinal stage: The division of cells and implantation of the blastocyst.
Embryonic stage: The development of the neural tube and organs.
Fetal stage: Continued growth of organs and physical development in preparation for birth

Question 10

infancy characteristics

Answer 10

Learning motor skills, rapid growth, learn to focus their vision, reach out, explore, and learn about the things that are around them

Question 11

early childhood characteristics

Answer 11

Starts early education and starts to comprehend things, toilet trained, learning to talk, reach milestones in how they play, learn, speak, behave, and move. Become more independent and begin to focus more on adults and children outside of the family

Question 12

late childhood characteristics

Answer 12

Physical, social, emotional, and intellectual changes, slow rate of physical growth, good capacity of learning, interest in playing, interest in different fields, development in creativity, time to make themselves socialise

Question 13

youth characteristics

Answer 13

Rapid growth, increased independence, more complex relationships, begin to formulate concept of meaning of life and question about those things they don’t know, like sex, drugs, careers, vocations, religions, etc

Question 14

early adulthood characteristics

Answer 14

reach their full height, gain muscle mass, increase body fat, and reach full reproductive maturity.

voting rights, driving, legally drink alcohol, finish school, move out of home, careers are established, start a family, relationship status changes

Question 15

middle adulthood characteristics

Answer 15

Grey hair and hair loss, wrinkles and age spots, vision and hearing loss, and weight gain. Time of achievement and peak in careers, retirement, can face unemployment, change in family dynamics e.g. children grow up, spending time with family and/or grandchildren a major focus

Question 16

late adulthood characteristics

Answer 16

struggles with memory and attention, processing things more slowly, finding it harder to recall past events, and failing to recall information that was once known

Question 17

what are the two different types of twins that occur during pregnancy?

Answer 17

The two types of twins are identical (monozygotic) and fraternal (dizygotic).

To form identical or monozygotic twins, one fertilised egg (ovum) splits and develops into two babies with exactly the same genetic information. To form fraternal or dizygotic twins, two eggs (ova) are fertilised by two sperm and produce two genetically unique children.

Question 18

what is the amniotic sac?

Answer 18

The amniotic sac is a bag of fluid in which the embryo floats
it acts as a cushion to protect the foetus, which floats in the fluid-filled amniotic cavity, tethered by the umbilical cord.
The fluid prevents direct compression of the foetus by the uterus during traumatic impacts and early contractions and allows free movement of limbs during muscular growth and development.
It also helps limit temperature fluctuations and serves as a physical (and possibly chemical) barrier to infection. Finally, adequate fluid is required for lung growth and development.

Question 19

process of fertilisation

Answer 19

1) sperm preparation
2) sperm-egg recognition and binding
3) sperm-egg fusion
4) fusion of sperm and egg pronuclei and activation of the zygote