topic 2: digital communication

Question 1

define digital communication

Answer 1

forms of communication that use electronic equipment to pass on information

Question 2

define social media

Answer 2

digital communication form that enables one person to speak to many people at the same time

Question 3

McLuhan

Answer 3

🌍 🏡 ☺️

Global culture BRINGS PEOPLE TOGETHER, increasing FREEDOM + CULTURAL EXCHANGE

GLOBAL VILLAGE: widespread sense of community. Young people interact in worldwide gaming communities like kids playing on village green together :)

world has SHRUNK, geographical distance no longer a barrier

Question 4

Giddens in relation to McLuhan

Answer 4

dis-embedding relationships

relationships don’t have to be face-to-face anymore, can be spread across time and space

📱❤️💻

Question 5

Castells

Answer 5

— networked global society: web of links and connections existing online across world 🌎 🕸
— broken down traditional national boundaries
—> working class can use new networking possibilities to increase social capital? 📈👥

— digital social capital increases life chances, challenging elite + privileged old boy network
— INDUSTRIAL AGE ➡️ INFORMATION AGE: power is gained through networks of communication and information ℹ️

Question 6

define social capital

Answer 6

store of social contacts and the ability to obtain resources, information, status and security from them

Question 7

Boyle

Answer 7

— digital social networks = form of digitally based platform that has great geographical reach, connections increase social capital 📈👥
—> interconnectedness via digitalisation creates global villages + VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES
— MEDIA CONVERGENCE 📰🔗📱🔗📺
- media landscape blurs the lines of how we use tech
- digital activity devices converging ➡️ ideas 💡 converging ➡️ limited understanding of world? 😐 🌎

Question 8

define digital revolution

Answer 8

significant, rapid changes in digital tech that effect everyone + are espec beneficial to working class 📱🔺💪

Question 9

evidence to suggest digital revolution

Answer 9

• most of world 🌎 connected to internet 💻
  — Afghanistan 🇦🇫 over 50% connected
  — over 70% of worlds adult population have mobile phone 📱
• ordinary members now create info, so no longer just top-down 🔺 model

Question 10

Giddens abt digital revolution

Answer 10

digital democratisation of society
—> everyone has access to info and can voice opinions e.g. twitter 📢 🐦
—> STATISTA: 1 billion on tiktok 2021
2.6 billion on facebook 2020

Question 11

Miller

Answer 11

— wider pool 🏊‍♀️💧 of potential contacts and VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES 👥📱
— common interests, keeping in touch with friends/fam
e.g. DeafPassions.com (dating site for deaf 🧏‍♀️ people 💕)

Chile: husbands off mining used social media to contact family

Question 12

Marxism (Frankfurt School) on digital revolution

Answer 12

— revolution has NOT 🚫 happened, working class has been left behind 😔
— bourgeoisie still controls most digital media (Elon Musk owns twitter, Sky News, BBC, Daily Mail etc) so upper classes dominate ideological superstructure still (Gramsci)

Question 13

examples of government response to rise of internet

Answer 13

— BAHRAIN 🇧🇭 enforces total news 📰 blackouts
— NORTH KOREA 🇰🇵 controls all internet content, ensures only 4% of population has internet access
many countries censor sites critical of government, e.g. Iran 🇮🇷