topic 1: globalisation Flashcards
define globalisation
- world 🌎 becoming more interconnected via Travel, Trade and Tech (communication)
—> accelerated by tech like internet 💻 - may not impact all in same way
- may be difficult 😞 to define
give examples of old globalisation
— Out of Africa theory on human migration
— empires and colonialism: Vikings, Roman empire 🇮🇹 , European colonial conquests (e.g. UK 🇬🇧)
examples of new globalisation
— planes ✈️ have increased TRAVEL for leisure purposes (🏖)
— digital COMMUNICATION 💻📈
— global TRADE 🌎🛍📈 (IMF, EU, World Bank) 🏦
how does globalisation impact people differently?
— PLACE 🗺: Amazonian indigenous people less impacted by internet, travel, trade (but still impacted by climate change ☀️)
— SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS 💵 £: RICH 🤑 can escape dangers of global warming (move away from rising sea levels/polluting airports), POOR more affected directly
—> Bangladesh 🇧🇩 : rising sea 🌊 levels leave millions homeless
— AGE 👵🏼: Berry
Berry 🫐 🍓
DIGITAL DIVIDE in age.
— only 8% over 55 have profile page 📱🙋
— only 1/4 of over 60s had bought something online 💻💳
FOUR factors impacting internet usage: CUSP
- COST 💸
- UNINTERESTED 😐
- SKILL LACK 🤷❓
- PHYSICAL DISABILITY 🤚😖
Giddens on the positive 😄 effects of globalisation
— increasing choice = LIBERATING + EMPOWERING 💪
— DETRADITIONALISATION: increased opportunity to discard old oppressive traditions
—> #metoo, #girlsnotbrides ➡️ decline in child marriage + FGM
— postmodernist ideas: increased consumerist choice (from TTT) brings EXPLOSION 💥 OF OPPORTUNITY and HIGHLY PERSONALISED CHOICES
Liberating, exciting, fulfilling.
Giddens on the negative 🙁 effects of globalisation
— rapid exchange of info, international news 📰 📈
—> more aware of dangers in the world
—> OVERWHELMED FEELING OF VULNERABILITY 😧
e.g. mass shooting in New Zealand 🇳🇿 live streamed on Facebook
— NEW RISKINESS: increasing lack of certainty and structure (due to international problems e.g. terrorism, global warming) is too challenging 😰
—> ppl fall into ADDICTION / FUNDAMENTALISM (ISIS etc), offering a “solution” to overwhelming problems
Ritzer 1993
😐
- Too Americanised 🇺🇸😒
- McDonaldisation 🤨🍔. Local cultures disappear under pressure from growing TNCs like McDonalds :(
- Cultural homogenisation, Americanised culture decreases diversity and will be less fulfilling :/
e.g. McDonalds 🍔 taking over local fast food place, Western fashion 👠 threatening traditional clothing, American programmes threaten local productions 📺
McJobs
derogatory term referring to LACK OF CONTROL employees have within huge organisations (TNCs) they work for:
- same uniform
- same predetermined tasks
—> less job satisfaction, empowerment, diversity between countries
LINKS TO RITZER
Robertson
— GLOCALISATION, counters Ritzer
- local communities = active modifier of global ideas
- global companies tailor products to local areas
- McDonald’s McAloo Tikki vegetarian burger 🍔
— So, cultural homogeneity, cultural imperialism and Americanisation are NOT happening
—> cultural DIVERSITY will be MAINTAINED 😌
