Topic 2 : Development Dynamics Flashcards
What are high income countries?
A group of wealthy countries mostly in the northern hemisphere
What are low income countries?
A second group of much poorer countries mostly in the Southern Hemisphere
What is development?
The process of change that affects people’s lives
May involve an improvement in the quality of life as perceived by the people undergoing change
What is the human development index? (HDI)
Statistic that combines wealth, health and education to show how developed a country is
What is GDP Per Capita?
The total value of goods and services produced in a year
What are middle income countries? (MICs)
Countries that have large reserves of raw materials which encourages investment and growth in the 1980s
What are newly industrialising countries? (NICs)
Type of countries that had growth often due to relocation of manufacturing overseas
Economic doubles in size between 1988 and 1996
Name all stages in Rostow’s theory of development
Tradition society Pre - take off Take off Drive to maturity Age of mass consumption
What is rostow’s theory of development?
The theory based on the ‘global north’
Idea that countries should pass through 5 stages of development
Name characteristics of the Tradition Society stage
High percentage of Agriculture
Lack of development
Non trade
Family and religion
Name characteristics of the Pre take - off stage
Currency and banks
Infrastructure development
Start of trade
Name characteristics of the Take Off stage
Rapid growth in economy
Greater individualism
Name characteristics of the Drive to Maturity stage
Modern technology
Industrialisation
Name characteristics of the Age of Mass Consumption stage
High income jobs
Most people work in service industry
Technology
State criticisms of Rostow’s theory of development
Too out dated - 1960
Doesn’t take into account technology
Based on how Europe and North America developed
Name all parts of Frank’s dependency theory
Core
Semi - periphery
Periphery
Name characteristics of the Core in frank’s dependency theory
Core is 15% of world’s population that enjoy 75% of its income
Takers of goods
Processes raw materials into higher value products and becomes wealthy
Name characteristics of the Semi - Periphery
Low value materials are traded between the periphery and core
Name characteristics of the Periphery
Periphery consists of ‘other’ areas that produce raw materials
Natural resources and factories
Extreme poverty
What is colonialism?
When one country takes control over another and they have to adopt their laws and culture
What is neo - colonialism?
After a country has gained Independence they still are affected by rich country’s control
What is globalisation?
The ways in which countries have become increasingly connected to each other
What is a top - down development project?
Scheme that is funded by large companies or decisions made by the national government
Local people do not get involved
What is a bottom - up development project?
Scheme where local people are involved and educated in order to make their everyday lives better
They are fully involved in decisions
