Topic 2- Co-ordination And Control Flashcards
Auxin
A plant hormone that controls the responses of plants to light (phototropism) and to gravity (gravitropism)
Pituitary gland
A small gland in the brain which produces a range of hormones controlling body functions.
CNS
Central nervous system. Made up of the brain and spinal cord where information is processed.
Receptor
Special sensory cell that detects changes in the environment.
Effector organ
Muscle and gland that responds to impulses from the nervous system.
FSH
Follicle stimulating hormone, a female hormone that stimulates the eggs to mature in the ovaries and the ovaries to produce hormones, including oestrogen.
Period
The stage in the me stop cycle when the lining of the womb is lost.
Urine
The liquid produced by the kidneys containing the metabolic product urea along with excess water and salts from the body.
Urea
The chemical produced by the breakdown of the amino acids in the liver which is removed by the kidneys.
Synapse
The gap between neurons where the transmission of information is chemical rather than electrical.
Stomata
Openings in the of plants (particularly the underside) which allow gases to enter and leave the leaf. They are opened and closed by the guard cells.
Progesterone
Female sex hormone used in the contraceptive pill.
Puberty
The stage of development when the sexual organs and the body become adult.
Gravitropism
Response of a plant to the force of gravity controlled by auxin.
Homeostasis
The maintenance of constant internal body conditions.
Stimuli
A change in environment that is detected by sensory receptors.
Impulse
Electrical signal carried along the neurons.
Reflex
Rapid automatic response of the nervous system that does not involve conscious thought.
Neuron
Basic cell of the nervous system which carries minute electrical impulses around the body.
Sensory neuron
Neuron which carries impulses from the sensory organs to the central nervous system.
Ovaries
Female sex organs which contain the eggs and produce sex hormones during the menstrual cycle.
Ovulation
The release of a mature egg from the ovary in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
Phototropism
The response of a plant to light, controlled by the auxin.
Internal environment
The conditions inside the body.
Kidney
Organ which filters the blood and removes urea,excess salts and water.
Menstrual cycle
The reproductive cycle in women controlled by hormones.
Motor neurone
Neuron that carries impulses from the central nervous system to the effects or organs.
Nerve
Bundle of hundreds or even thousands of neurons.
Nervous system
See central nervous system
Oestrogen
Female sex hormone which stimulates the lining of the womb to gulf up in preparation for a pregnancy.
Oral contraceptive
Hormone contraceptive that is taken by the mouth.
Pancreas
An organ that produces the Horne insulin and many digestive enzymes.
Reflex arc
The sense organ, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron and effector organ which bring about a reflex action.
