Topic 1- Keeping Healthy

Question 1

Antibiotics

Answer 1

Drugs that destroy bacteria inside the body without damaging human cells

Question 2

Antigen

Answer 2

Unique protein on the surface of a cell. They are recognised by the immune system as ‘self’ or ‘non self’.

Question 3

Bacteria

Answer 3

Single called microorganisms that can reproduce very rapidly. Many bacteria are useful, for example, gut bacteria and decomposing bacteria, but some cause disease.

Question 4

Pathogen

Answer 4

Microorganism which causes disease

Question 5

Agar

Answer 5

The nutrient jelly on which many microorganisms are cultured.

Question 6

Vaccination

Answer 6

Introducing small quantities of dead or inactive pathogens into the body to stimulate the white blood cells to produce antibodies that destroy the pathogens.

Question 7

Vaccine

Answer 7

The dead or inactive pathogen material in vaccination

Question 8

Virus

Answer 8

Microorganisms which takes over body cells and reproduces rapidly, causing disease.

Question 9

White blood cell

Answer 9

Blood cell which is involved in the immune system of the body, engulfing bacteria, making antibodies and antitoxins.

Question 10

Culture medium

Answer 10

A substance containing the nutrients needed for the microorganism to grow.

Question 11

Droplet infection

Answer 11

A way of spreading infectious diseases though the tiny droplets full of pathogens, which are expelled from your body when you cough, sneeze or talk.

Question 12

Tissue culture

Answer 12

Use small groups of cells from a plant to make new plants

Question 13

Overweight

Answer 13

A person with a BMI between 25 and 30.

Question 14

Obese

Answer 14

Very overweight, their body carries excess fat and their BMI is over 30

Question 15

Microorganism

Answer 15

Bacteria, viruses and other organisms that can only be seen using a microscope.

Question 16

Metabolic rate

Answer 16

The rate at which the reactions of your body take place, particularly cellular respiration.

Question 17

E Number

Answer 17

Number assigned to food additive that has been approved for use in Europe. These are displayed on food packaging.

Question 18

Food additive

Answer 18

A substance added to a food in order to preserve it or to improve the taste, texture or appearance.

Question 19

Immune system

Answer 19

The body system which recognises and destroys foreign cells or proteins such as invading pathogens.

Question 20

Immunisation

Answer 20

Giving a vaccine that allows immunity to develop without exposure to the disease itself.

Question 21

Infectious

Answer 21

Capable of causing infection

Question 22

Infectious disease

Answer 22

Disease that can be passed from one individual to another.

Question 23

Inoculate

Answer 23

To make someone immune to a disease by injecting them with a vaccine which stimulates the immune system to make antibiotics against the disease.

Question 24

Malnourished

Answer 24

The condition when the body does not get a balanced diet.

Question 25

MRSA

Answer 25

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. An antibiotic-resistant bacterium.