Topic 2: Changing political relationships, 1920–30 Flashcards
Why did the 1921 Moplah/Malabar rebellion start?
A reaction against a heavy-handed crackdown on the Khilafat Movement
What was the result of the 1921 Moplah/Malabar rebellion?
ended up as large-scale massacre and persecution of Hindus.
What was the 1922 Chauri Chaura incident?
February 1922 - Congress procession of 3000 peasants was fired upon by the police.
Police station burnt down causing the death of 22 policemen.
What were the consequences of the 1922 Chauri Chaura incident?
The Congress Working Committee passed a resolution stopping all activities which would lead to breaking of laws.
The Government arrested Mahatma Gandhi and charged him with spreading disaffection against the government.
Who were the Young Hooligans? (1928)
S.C.Bose, J.Narayan, J.Nehru
What did the Young Hooligans do?
Opposed domination status (self-governed within British empire).
Cause Simon Commision and factions in congress.
Why was the Simon Commission opposed?
No Indian members
Future of India decided by Westminster
Who opposed the Simon Commission?
boycotted by
- Muslim League - led by Jinnah
- Congress
- Hindu leaders
- Liberal thinkers
Who supported the Simon Commission and why?
better future than they expected from a Hindu-dominated Congress
- Muslims - from majority provinces
- Anglo-Indians
- Sikhs
- Untouchables
What was the 1928 Nehru Report?
Recommended domination status
Princely states joined into a federation
Hindus permanent majority
Why were Jinnah’s 14 points created in 1929?
The Muslim League wanted to bring ML and Congress together again
Offered to end its support of separate electorates in exchange for a guaranteed ⅓ of the seats in the Central Legislative Assembly
Congress refused - muslims acknowledgement of their weak position
What was the 1929 Irwin Declaration?
Reiterated Montague Declaration of 1917 & added attainment of domination status
Indian representatives invited to London to discuss details of a new indian constitution
What was the 1930 Salt March?
In protest of Salt tax
78 chosen supporters including untouchables
Gathering on day: 75,000
Style of pilgrimage: spin cotton, keep diary, non-violent
What were the results of the Salt March?
Hundreds of peasants arrested
May: Gandhi arrested - strikes
June: entire congress working committee arrested
Non-violent campaign after Gandhi’s arrest
What happened at the First round table Conference in 1930?
India
- Dominion
- Federation including princely states and provinces
- Indian participation at all levels of gov.
- Delhi new capital - Feb 1931
Success:
Agreement
Large representation (not including Congress)
