Topic 2- Cells and control Flashcards
What do chromosomes contain ?
genetic material
Explain the process of mitosis:
Card 15
What is cell differentiation?
Is when a cell changes to become specialised for its function and allows multicellular organisms to work more efficiently .
What is cell elongation?
Is where the cells of the plant expand making it grow.
What is mutation?
A random change in a gene
Explain how cancer is formed through cell division\\
If there is a change in a gene that controls cell division then the cell may start dividing uncontrollably which may lead to tumour and lead to cancer.
What cell can differentiate into any other type of cell?
Stem cells
Where does cell division happen?
In meristems - tips of the root and top of the shoots
What are undifferentiated cells called?
stem cells
Where are stem cells found?
In early human embryo , adults also have them and they are found in bone marrow.
What do meristems produce?
Unspecialised cells
What do unspecialised cells turn into ?
Xylem and phloem
Explain the risks of stem cells in medicine:
1, Tumour development - they divide quickly and scientists may not be able to control them
2, Disease transition
3, Rejection - your body may identify them as foreign and have an immune response
What does the cerebellum in the brain control?
Muscle coordination and balance
What does medulla oblongata contol?
unconscious activities such as heart rate and breathing