Topic 2: Atomic Structure and Bonding Flashcards
Group 1 of the periodic table
Alkali metals
What group of the periodic table is the halogens in?
Group 7
Group 0 of the periodic table
Noble gases
What element group in the periodic table doesn’t have a group number?
Transition metals
What side of the periodic table staircase are metals found?
Left
Non-metals are found on what side of the staircase?
Right
Elements with simular chemical properties are found in the same _____ of the periodic table
Group
Describe an element
Contains just one type of atom
Describe a compound
Contains two or more types of atoms joined together
Describe a mixture
Contains two or more different substances that are not joined together
A protons charge, approx mass, location in atom
One positive (1+), 1, inside nucleus
An electrons charge, approx mass, location in atom
One negative (1-), 0, outside nucleus
A neutrons charge, approx mass, location in atom
Neutral (0), 1, inside nucleus
An atomic number gives information about the numbers of..
Protons and electrons in an atom (APE)
The number of neutrons in an atom can be calculated using..
Atomic number, mass number
Explain why atoms are electrically neutral
Atoms contain equal numbers of protons and electrons which cancel each other out
If the name of the compound ends in -IDE it contains..
Two elements
If the name of the compound ends in -ATE or -ITE it contains
Three elements (one is oxygen)
The seven diatonic elements rhyme: I Have No Bright Or Clever Friends
Iodine, hydrogen, nitrogen, bromine, oxygen, chlorine, fluoride
State the number for the prefix mono
One
State the prefix for 2
Di
State the prefix for 3
Tri
State the number for the prefix tetr(a)
Four
State the prefix 5
Pent(a)
State the number for the prefix hex(a)
Six
State the prefix for 7
Hept(a)
State the number for the prefix oct(a)
Eight
The term valency means..
The valency of an element tells us how many bonds an atom of the element can form
Roman numerals for 1,2,3,4,5,6
1=I, 2=II, 3=III, 4=IV, 5=V, 6=VI
Define a covalent bond
A covalent bond is when two positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for a shared pair of electrons
Define an ionic bond
An ionic bond is the attraction between a positive ion (metal) and a negative ion (non-metal)
Properties of ionic compounds
-high melting and boiling points
-soluble in water
-conduct electricity in solution and metled but not when solid
Properties of covalent compounds
-low melting and boiling points
-insoluble in water
-does not conduct electricity in any state
