topic 2

Question 1

what is the job of red blood cells

Answer 1

to transport oxygen

Question 2

what causes red blood cells to be red

Answer 2

haemoglobin

Question 3

what is the role of haemoglobin

Answer 3

oxygen movement

Question 4

how are red blood cells able to transport oxygen around the body efficiently (3)

Answer 4

-large number of red blood cells
-biconcave shape
cells are small so pass through capillaries

Question 5

how do white blood cells identify a pathogen in the body

Answer 5

antigens

Question 6

give examples of substances in plasma

Answer 6

• hormones
• antibodies
• glucose

Question 7

how does a scab form

Answer 7

• platelets arrive at site
• fibrogen forms a mesh over the wound
• blood cells stick to mesh

Question 8

risks of blood transfusions (3)

Answer 8

• infection
• wrong blood group
• clotting

Question 9

how can we minimise the risk of blood transfusions (2)

Answer 9

• test blood group

- use anti clotting

Question 10

the heart is part of which organ system?

Answer 10

circulatory system

Question 11

which part of the heart takes deoxygenated blood to lungs

Answer 11

pulmonary artery

Question 12

which part of the circulatory system does oxygenated blood leave the heart to travel around the body?

Answer 12

aorta

Question 13

what muscle is the heart

Answer 13

involuntary

Question 14

how is the heart specialised to perform its functions (3)

Answer 14

• thick walls
• strong muscles
• involuntary

Question 15

what is the role of capillaries

Answer 15

gas exchange

Question 16

describe arteries (4)

Answer 16

• carry blood away from the heart
• thick walls
• small blood passage/ large lumen
• blood under high pressure

Question 17

describe veins (4)

Answer 17

• carry blood away from the heart
• thin walls
• large blood passage/ small lumen
• blood under low pressure

Question 18

describe capillaries (3)

Answer 18

• 1 cell thick
• very low blood pressure
• found in muscles/lungs

Question 19

what happens to the arteries of a patient with coronary heart disease

Answer 19

narrows arteries

Question 20

what do stents do

Answer 20

keep arteries open

Question 21

what do statins do

Answer 21

lower cholesterol to slow rate of build up

Question 22

what 2 methods can treat early coronary heart disease

Answer 22

statins and stents

Question 23

2 methods to treat late stage coronary heart disease

Answer 23

• heart transplant

- vale replacement

Question 24

2 problems of coronary heart disease

Answer 24

• chest pains/ angina

- short of breath