TOPIC 2

Question 1

Biological Psychology is linked between…

Answer 1

Biology (our bodies) and (physiological) human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Question 2

What are neurons?

Answer 2

-Nervous system carries information
Involves:
-input from sensory signals (going to brain)
-processing as you decide what to do
-output as you activate your muscles

Question 3

What are the 2 types of cells in the nervous system?

Answer 3

Neurons and Glia

Question 4

definition of neurons

Answer 4

cell body, nerve cell that has a very long axon and short “finger-like” dendrites
function= dendrites grab information from other nerve cells, information transmitted to next cell through axon.

Axon is coated with fatty tissue called myelin sheath (age 24)

Question 5

What is at the end of an axon?

Answer 5

terminal button that releases neurotransmitters

Question 6

Definition of Glia

Answer 6

“glue” that holds neurons in place, brings them nutrients and takes away their waste from nerve cell

Question 7

How does a nerve impulse work?

and is it chemical or electrical?

Answer 7

IT IS ELECTRICAL
Neuron receives signal from another neuron via dendrites (or the 1st neurons receive signals from our senses)

it initiates an ELECTRICAL impulse called action potential

Question 8

NERVE IMPULSE: What is action potential?

Answer 8

occurs as a result in the change in the ELECTRICAL charge and like gunpowder being lit, travels down axon being all or nothing

resting cell to be primed and ready to fire because of its resting potential

Question 9

NERVE IMPULSE:An imbalance of ion concentrations and electrical forces make it possible to respond quickly AND

Answer 9

During the refractory period, the neuron cannot fire again until it pumps the positive ions out of the cell again

Question 10

TRANSMISSION BETWEEN NEURONS: is the transmutation between neurons electrical or chemical?

Answer 10

CHEMICAL

Question 11

TRANSMISSION BETWEEN NEURONS:Since neurons do not touch each other, how does electrical impulse jump from one cell to cell?

Answer 11

Synaptic gap = space between neurons

Question 12

TRANSMISSION BETWEEN NEURONS:

Answer 12

When the action potential reaches the end of the axon, it triggers the terminal button to release neurotransmitters

Question 13

TRANSMISSION BETWEEN NEURONS:

Answer 13

Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic gap and bind to certain receptor sites on the receiving neuron

Question 14

TRANSMISSION BETWEEN NEURONS:

Answer 14

Neurotransmitters are then taken back up and into the axon that releases them called re-up take or broken down by enzymes.

Question 15

Examples of neurotransmitters: Acetyl choline (ACh)

Answer 15

ONLY neurotransmitter passed between motor neurons and voluntary muscles. Plays role in muscle memory (every move we make is thanks to this!)

Question 16

Examples of neurotransmitters: Dopamine

Answer 16

Neurotransmitter involved in movement, learning, and emotions

Question 17

Examples of neurotransmitters: GABA -gamma aminobutyric acid

Answer 17

has inhibitory effect especially on anxiety. if not enough GABA= very anxious person

Question 18

Examples of neurotransmitters: Norepinephrine

Answer 18

Derived from adreniline. Eating, sleep, arousal, emotion depression caused by not enough norepinephrine.

Question 19

Examples of neurotransmitters: Endorphins

Answer 19

Feelings of pleasure and decreased pain. Really excited, in love, when you laugh, you release endorphins

Question 20

Examples of neurotransmitters: Nitric Oxide

Answer 20

Toxic gas, air pollutant is responsible for penial erections and dilation of other blood vessels

• formation of memories
• toxic to bacteria, keep immune systems
• get released and taken out again (in, out)