Topic 2 Flashcards
Where is DNA found?
Nucleus
Name the 2 base pairs in DNA
Adenine-Thymine
Guanine-Cytosine
What does a single nucleotide consist of?
phosphate, deoxyribose sugar & a base
What type of bonds are between bases?
weak hydrogen bonds.
What do the nucleotides bond to form?
the sugar phosphate backbone
Describe the two strands of DNA.
They are anti-parallel with deoxyribose and phosphate at 3’ an 5’ ends of each strand..
What is the function of the base sequence of DNA?
all cells store their genetic information in the base sequence. It also determines the genotype.
What is DNA?
it is a molecule of inheritance and can direct its own replication
Why is DNA replication important?
because it ensures that each new cell receives a full set of chromosomes, and therefore no genetic info will be lost.
What do chromosomes consist of?
tightly coiled DNA around proteins.
What are the 2 enzymes involved in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
ligase
What are the 5 requirements for DNA replication?
- DNA to act as a template
- primers
- a supply of the 4 types of DNA nucleotide
- the appropriate enzymes
- a supply of ATP.
What is needed to start DNA replication?
a primer
What is the function of DNA polymerase?
adds complementary nucleotides to the dexoyribose 3’ end of the leading strand
What strand is repeated continuously?
the leading strand
