Topic 2& 4 Cranial nerves

Question 1

List the cranial nerves that exit via the

Superior orbital fossa

Answer 1

III Oculomotor
IV Trochlear
V Trigeminal (Opthalmic portion)
VI Abducens

Question 2

List the cranial nerves that exit via the

Internal Acoustic Meatus

Answer 2

VII Facial

VIII Vestibulocochlear

Question 3

List the cranial nerves that exit via the

Jugular foramen

Answer 3

IX Glossopharyngeal
X Vagus
XI Accessory nerve

Question 4

Where does the hypoglossal nerve exit?

Answer 4

Hypoglossal nerve XII exits via the

Hypoglossal canal

Question 5

Where does the trigeminal nerve exit?

Answer 5

Trigeminal nerve V
Opthalmic portion exits via Superior orbital fissure
Maxilllary portion exits via Foramen Rotundum
Mandibular portion exits via Foramen Ovale

Question 6

Trigeminal nerve V Function

Answer 6

Sensory- skin of face, teeth
Motor- Muscles of mastication
              - temporalis
              - Masseter
              - Lateral Pterygoid
              - Medial Pterygoid

Question 7

Facial nerve VII

Answer 7

Muscles of facial expression
Lacrimal glands
Submandibular and sublingual glands
Nasal mucosal
TASTE of ant 2/3 of tongue

bells palsy( flaccid paralysis of muscles supplied)LMN
loss corneal reflex
Crocodile tears

Question 8

Glossopharyngeal IX

Answer 8

Pharynx
Carotid sinus
Sensation to skin or external ear
TASTE post 1/3 tongue

Involves in swallowing

Question 9

Vagus X

Answer 9

Pharynx-
Larynx
1 extrinsic tongue muscle
Skin behind ear

Dysphonia
Dysphagia
Dspnoea
Loss gag reflex
Unilateral loss of couch reflex due to lost sensation

Question 10

List the structures in the auditory pathway

Answer 10

Cochlear nerve
Superior nuclei in brainstem
Superior olivary nucleus
Inferior colliculus
medial geniculate body ( thalamus)
Auditory centre (cerebral cortex)

Question 11

Occulomotor nerve

Function

Answer 11

Moves the eye

• medial rectus
• superior recutus
• inferior rectus
• Inferior oblique

Focuses (accommodation) -constricts the pupil
parasympathetic

If lesioned:
Psosis( drooping eyelid)
lateral straubisms( lazy eye)
Pupodialation
Proptosis( bulging eyeball)
Diplopia(double vision)

Question 12

name the visual loss associated with a a lesion to the

R optic nerve

Answer 12

R Monocular blindness

Question 13

name the visual loss associated with a a lesion to the optic chiasm

Answer 13

BI TEMPORAL Hemianopsia

Question 14

name the visual loss associated with a a lesion to the

R optic tract

Answer 14

Left homonymous hemianopsia

Question 15

name the visual loss associated with a a lesion to the

R superior firbres of optic radiation

Answer 15

left superior homonymous

QUADRANTANOPIA

Question 16

name the visual loss associated with a a lesion to the

R inferior fibres of the optic radiation

Answer 16

Left inferior homonymous

QUADRANTANOPIA

Question 17

List the structures involved in the visual pathway

Answer 17

Axons of retinal ganglionic cells assemble@ optic dis
Optic nerve
Optic chiasm
Optic tract
LGN ( lat geniculate nucleus of thalamus)
Optic radiation
Primary visual area of cerebral cortex area 17

Question 18

Trochlear nerve function

Answer 18

Depresses intorts and abducts the eye

Innervates superior oblique muscle of eye

Question 19

Describe the structure of the corpera quadrigemina

Answer 19

Posterior aspect of Midbrain

Composed of superior colliculus/i
Inferior colliculus

Superior colliculus> Superior brachium> lateral geniculate body (VISION)

Inferior colliculus> inferior brachium> medial geniculate body (AUDITION)

Question 20

Structures of the midbrain

Answer 20

ANTERIOR
cerebral peduncles
Interpeduncular fossa
Mammillary body Infundibulum Mammillary body

POSTERIOR
Pineal body
Corpera quadrigemina

Question 21

Structures of medulla

Answer 21

ANTERIOR
olive> ventrolateral sulcus> pyramid>ventromedial sulcus

POSTERIOR
Dorsal median sulcus
fasiculus gracilllis> gracile tubercle (nucleus gracillis)
Fasiculus cuneatus> cuneate tubercle (nucleus cuneatus)
Dorsolateral sulcus