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hema lec > topic 2 > Flashcards

topic 2 Flashcards

1
Q

cell death by lethal chemical, biological or physical events

A

necrosis

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2
Q

programmed cell death regulated by genetic material of cell

A

apoptosis

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3
Q

Blood cell formation – production and development

A

hematopoiesis

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4
Q

sole site of effective hematopoiesis in normal adults

A

bone marrow

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5
Q

These cells are present in the first few hours after an ovum is fertilized

the most versatile type of stem cell, can develop into any human cell type, including development from embryo into fetus.

A

Totipotential stem cells.

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6
Q

These cells are present several days after fertilization.

can develop into any cell type, except they cannot develop into a fetus.

A

Pluripotential stem cells

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7
Q

These cells are derived from pluripotent stem cells. They can be found in adults, but they are limited to specific types of cells to form tissues. For example, bone marrow stem cells can produce all types of blood cells, bone cartilage, and adipose (fat) cells.

A

Multipotential stem cells

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8
Q

These cells are derived from pluripotent stem cells. They can be found in adults, but they are limited to specific types of cells to form tissues. For example, bone marrow stem cells can produce all types of blood cells, bone cartilage, and adipose (fat) cells.

A

Multipotential stem cells

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9
Q

Appearance of different properties in cells

A

Differentiation

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10
Q

Appearance of different properties in cells

A

Differentiation

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11
Q

▶ Cells derived from common precursors take separate routes
▶ Maturation occurs from commitment to fully developed cell

A

Commitment

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12
Q

Three developmental periods

A

▶ Mesoblastic ▶ Hepatic
▶ Myeloid

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13
Q

Three developmental periods

A

▶ Mesoblastic ▶ Hepatic
▶ Myeloid

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14
Q

▶ Blood islands of yolk sac
▶ Primarily RBC production
▶ Embryonic hemoglobin produced

A

MESOBLASTIC

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15
Q

▶ At 6 weeks cell production in liver
▶ Fetal hemoglobin produced
▶ Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes also active production

A

HEPATIC

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16
Q

At 5th month Bone Marrow becomes site of cell production Liver & spleen now Extramedullary
Hemoglobin A (α2β2)

A

MYELOID

17
Q

▪ Very small group of cells
▪ Multipotential cells that give rise to all lineages of blood cells
▪ High self-renewal ability
▪ Not morphologically distinguishable
▪ Identified by flow cytometry with marker CD34
▪ Supporting research

A

STEM CELLS

18
Q

▶ Committed cells to differentiation into cell lines
▶ Described as colony-forming units (CFU)
▶ CFU-GEMM
▶ CFU-GM
▶ CFU-Meg
▶ Population amplified by proliferation

A

PROGENITOR CELLS

19
Q

▶ Majority of precursor cells
▶ Recognizable morphologic characteristics
▶ Nomenclature unique for each cell line

A

MATURING CELLS

20
Q

Govern precursor cell survival, self-renewal, proliferation,
differentiation

A

Cytokines

21
Q

Blood forming tissue located between trabeculae

Major hematopoietic organ

A

BONE MARROW

22
Q

▶ Lymphopoietic organ in upper mediastinum
▶ Cortex densely packed with small lymphocytes

▶ Primary purpose
▶ Compartment for maturation of T lymphocytes
▶ Precursor T cells leave the bone marrow and enter the thymus

A

THYMUS

23
Q

▶ Upper left quadrant of abdomen
▶ Richly supplied with blood

A

SPLEEN

24
Q

▶ Lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels
▶ Nodes remove foreign particles from lymph
▶ Functions
▶ Immune defense
▶ B cell production in germinal centers

A

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

25
Q

Total population of erythrocytes and precursors in peripheral blood and bone marrow
▶ RBC production
▶ RBC release
▶ RBC destruction
▶ Primary signal regulating RBC production is oxygen tension
▶ ⇓ tissue oxygenation due to anemia or pulmonary insufficiency

A

ERYTHRON

26
Q

▶ Stimulated by Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein hormone produced in the kidney
▶ EPO accelerates commitment of pluripotent stem cell to CFU-E and erythroid development

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

27
Q

14-25 um
round to oval nucleus
2 nucleoli
dark blue cytoplasm due to concentration

A

proerythroblast

28
Q

10-17 um in diameter

A

basophilic erythroblast

29
Q

10-15 um in diameter

A

polychromatic erythroblast

30
Q

8-12 um in diameter

A

orthochromatic erythroblast

31
Q

7-10um in diameter

A

polychromatic erythrocyte

32
Q

6-8 um in diameter

A

erythrocyte

hema lec (5 decks)

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