Topic 1b- ATP + Inorganic Ions Flashcards
How many phosphate groups does ADP have?
Two phosphate groups
How are hydrogen ions related to the pH of an environment?
Inversely related to it’s pH
A molecule involved in the synthesis of ATP. Describe how ATP is synthesised from this molecule.
A condensation reaction occurs between this molecule (ADP) and inorganic phosphate. The reaction is catalysed by ATP synthase.
Free inorganic ions can play very important roles in the body.
a) Describe how iron ions carry oxygen to where it is needed in the body.
b) Explain the role of phosphate ions in providing energy for cellular reactions.
a) Iron ions are a key component of haemoglobin. The iron ions in haemoglobin bind to oxygen. The haemoglobin is transported around the body in red blood cells.
b) Phosphate ions form the phosphate groups of ATP. Breaking the bonds between the phosphate groups in ATP releases energy.
Explain the function of ATP hydrolase.
Releases energy which can be used for muscle contraction.
The movement of Na + out of the cell allows the absorption of glucose into the cell lining the ileum.
Explain how.
- Maintains/ generates a concentration/ diffusion gradient for Na + from ileum into cell.
- Na + moving in by facilitated diffusion, brings glucose with it.
Describe and explain two features you would expect to find in a cell specialised for absorption.
- Folded membrane so a large surface area for absorption.
- Large number of channel proteins so fast rate of absorption.
