Topic 14. Variety of living organisms Flashcards
1
Q
describe the common features shown by plants
A
- multicellular
- cells contain chloroplasts + photosynthesise
- cellulose cell walls
- store carbohydrates as starch/sucrose
eg maize, peas, beans
2
Q
describe the common features shown by animals
A
- multicellular organisms
- dont contain chloroplasts (dont photosynthesise)
- no cell walls
- have nervous co ordination
- store carbohydrate as glycogen
- eg mammals, insects, etc
3
Q
what are the common features of fungi?
A
- not able to carry out photosynthesis
- body = mycelium made from thread like structures (hyphae) which contain many nuclei
- some = single celled
- cell walls made of chitin
- feed by secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and extra cellular digestion of the food material and then absorption of organic products (saproptrophic nutrition)
- also store carbohydrate as glycogen
- mucor = multicelllular
- yeast = single celled
4
Q
what are the common features of protocists?
A
-microscopic single celled organisms
- eg amoeba, have features like animal cell
- eg chlorella more like plants and have chloroplasts
- eg plasmodium - pathogenic, causes malaria
- have nucleus
5
Q
describe common features of bacteria
A
- single celled microscopic organisms
- contain cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids
- no nucleus but have circular chromosome of dna
- some bacteria carry out photosyntheis
- most feed off living / dead organisms
eg lactobacillus bulgaricus, used in production of yoghurt from milk
eg pneumococcus, spherical -> pathogen that causes pneumonia
6
Q
describe the common features of viruses
A
- non living
-parisitc and can reproduce only inside living cells - no celullar structure but have :
- protein coat
- contain DNA or RNA
- eg tobacco mosaic virus causes discolouring to leaves of tobacco olants by preventing formation of chloroplasts + hiv virus that causes aids
7
Q
why are viruses non living?
A
do not respire, feed or reproduce on their own
