Topic 14 - Light Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the angle of incidence?

A

Angle between the incident ray and the normal line.

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2
Q

What is the angle of reflection?

A

Angle between the reflected ray and the normal line.

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3
Q

What is a concave lens?

A

A lens that makes parallel rays diverge.

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4
Q

What is a convex lens?

A

A lens that makes light rays parallel to the principal axis converge at a point.

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5
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A

Reflection from a rough surface and thus the light rays are scattered in different directions.

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6
Q

What is the focal length?

A

The distance from the centre of a lens to the point where light rays parallel to the principal axis are focused, or in a divergent lens, diverge from.

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7
Q

What is the equation for magnification?

A

The image height / the object height.

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8
Q

What is the normal?

A

A straight line through a surface or boundary perpendicular to the surface or boundary.

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9
Q

What is an opaque object?

A

An object that light cannot pass through.

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10
Q

What is the principal focus?

A

The point where light rays parallel to the principal axis of a lens are focused, or in a diverging lens, divert from.

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11
Q

What is a real image?

A

An image formed by a lens that can be projected onto a screen.

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12
Q

What is refraction?

A

The change of direction of a light ray when it passes across a boundary between two transparent substances.

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13
Q

What is specular reflection?

A

Reflection from a smooth surface. Each light ray is reflected in a single direction.

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14
Q

What is a translucent object?

A

An object that allows light to pass through, but the light is scattered or refracted.

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15
Q

What is a transparent object?

A

An object that transmits all the incident light that enters the object.

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16
Q

What is a virtual image?

A

An image, seen in a lens or mirror, from which light rays appear to come after being refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror.

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17
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

On reflection from a smooth surface, the angle of the reflected ray is equal to the angle of the incident ray.

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18
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A

The reflection of light from a surface such that an incident ray is reflected at many angles, rather than one.

19
Q

What is an incident ray?

A

A ray pointing towards and striking a surface.

20
Q

What is dispersion?

A

Separating colours into a rainbow.

21
Q

What does light consist of?

A

Waves.

22
Q

What is true about reflected and incident waves?

A

They have the same frequency and travel at the same speed, so have the same wavelength.

23
Q

What is the normal?

A

The line perpendicular to the mirror.

24
Q

What is true about the relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of reflection?

A

They are equal

25
Q

What can an image displayed on a screen be described as?

A

A real image

26
Q

What is the change in direction of a light ray called?

A

Refraction

27
Q

What happens when light enters a more dense medium?

A

It is refracted towards the normal.

28
Q

What happens when light enters a less dense medium?

A

It is refracted away from the normal.

29
Q

What happens when light travels from air into glass?

A

It changes towards the normal.

30
Q

What happens when light moves from glass into air?

A

It changes direction away from the normal.

31
Q

What does the colour of light depend on?

A

The type of light source.

Stars and lamps emit light that has a continuous range of wavelengths across the visible spectrum.

Light sources like lasers and neon lamps emit a narrow range of wavelengths.

32
Q

What does the colour of an opaque object depend on?

A

Pigments and range of wavelengths in the incident light.

33
Q

What is true of a white surface?

A

It has no pigments so it reflects light of any wavelength.

34
Q

What is true of a red surface?

A

It has a pigment that absorbs all colours of light apart from red.

35
Q

What are transparent objects?

A

Objects that transmit all incident light that enters the object.

36
Q

What is a translucent object?

A

An object that lets light pass through it, but it is scattered or refracted.

37
Q

What is an opaque object?

A

An object that absorbs all the light that reaches it. Light is either reflected scattered or absorbed.

38
Q

What is the principle focus?

A

The point to which light is focused.

39
Q

What is a converging lens uses as?

A

A magnifying glass

40
Q

What is magnification equal to?

A

Image height / Object height

41
Q

What does the position and nature of an image depend on?

A

The focal length of the lens.

The distance from the object to the lens.

42
Q

What is the prinicipal axis?

A

The straight line that passes along the normal at the centre of each lens surface.

43
Q

What is the distance from the lens to the film equal to?

A

The focal length of the lens.

44
Q
A