topic 12- further processes and techniques Flashcards
what is user centred design
UCD is a process of designing that aims to improve users experience of using products
what is a framework process and how is it done
-When following user-centred design approach it is important that
there is some form of structure or framework to the process
- involve considering the overall goals of the organisation, the
information that is already available, and the user needs
- should be a clear framework for the process which begins with
specifying what the users’ needs are, and the context that the
product will be used in
-followed by considering the requirements of the business.
-Ideas and designs developed before being evaluated by
users to see if they are suitable
- If the outcome is positive, then production can begin and products sold
- product continuously evaluated when in production.
what is problem solving and how is it done
-put together a team that is able to solve the problem through an repetitive design approach.
-Through the use of feedback during the design and development phases, the solutions to problems can be refined and improved.
-Collaborative working also helps with development of designs
why are clients wants needs and values important and what are examples of them.
- can help the designer match the product to the consumer
- needs of consumers have to be matched to the product
- sociological needs and values are increasingly important as people become more aware of environmental issues
- customer feedback may not be representative of all views
- emotional needs normally means what people like and dislike
what is an inclusive design
designing products for ease of use by consumers with the maximum possible range of abilities without the need for adaptations
what is empathic design
involves designer analysing tasks while emulating user restrictions
simulation of restrictions limiting the ability of potential users to facilitate the development of more inclusive products
what is a circular economy and how is it used
- regards a products life cycle as requiring a cradle to cradle approach rather than a lineal cradle to grave approach
- cradle to grave includes consideration of what happens at end of life such as recycling
- cradle to cradle approach anticipates and designs for parts to be reused at same quality
- reduces dependency on sourcing new materials
- works against take make dispose culture
- reduce use of finite resources
- reduce waste
- avoid pollution
- help reduce env impact
what are the two ‘nutrient’ types
BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENTS-
- organic non toxic materials
- can be composted and safely reenter ecosystems
TECHNICAL NUTRIENTS-
- man made materials
- polymers and alloys
- designed to be repeatedly same high quality
- in cars and washing machines
what is systems thinking
- involves concentrating on effects of interactions and connections between elements of a system rather than just analysing the component parts
- flow diagrams and feedback loops often used
- requires looking at the bigger picture
what is critical path analysis (cpa)
-project management method used to schedule efficient completion of process stages
- particularly when handling complex and time sensitive operations
- a sequential order of tasks is established for a project or process
what are the advantages of critical path analysis
- unnecessary waiting time can be identified
- parallell processing opportunities can be used for maximum efficiency
- resource planning efficiency is improved
what is the disadvantages of critical path analysis
- may be very difficult or impossible to accurately represent highly complex activities
- external factors may change and require revision
- relies on possibly innaccurate estimates of durations
