Topic 12 - Angisperms Flashcards
what is anthophyta?
- the flowering plants
- anthos = flower
-phyta = plants
How many phyla do angiosperms have?
- just one
- called anthophyta
what is a flower?
- a specialized shoot with
up to 4 whorls of modified leaves
Structure of a flower bottom to up:
Bottom
- sepals (non-reproductive)
- petals (non-reproductive)
-stamen is made up of a filament and an anther it is the male part (microsporophylls)
- carpels are made up of an ovary, style and stigma, it is the female part (megasporophylls)
what makes a pollen?
- anthers
how many ovules does the ovary at the base of carpel contain?
- 1 or more ovules
What is a perfect flower?
- contains both stamens & carpels, and
therefore is complete (= perfect), in
Linnaeus’ opinion
what is an imperfect flower?
- contains either stamens or carpels
– hence an imperfect flower is either a male
(has only stamens) or a female (has only
carpels)
what can be species be with imperfect flowers?
- monoecious
- mono = one
- oikos = house
- monoecious species have male and female
flowers on same individual plant
what can species also be with imperfect flowers?
- dioecious
– male and female flowers on
different individual plants (di = two)
what are angiosperms more reliant on?
- animal pollinators
what is the role of flowers to the angiosperms?
- flowers are often modified to attract them and dispense pollen
- flowers provide food rewards for animals that visit them and that
remove or deposit pollen
-the rewards are sugary fluids (nectar) or pollen itself
What are fruits?
- they are unique to angiosperms.
– mature ovary containing seeds
– the ‘container’ part of angiosperm (angio =vessel, container
what does carpos mean?
- fruit
In angiosperms, the megagametophyte is called?
- embryo sac which contains only 7 cells
- one of these cells have 2 nuclei which is called polar nuclei