topic 11 - gender and crime

Question 1

gender and crime - offending

Answer 1

police stats: males commit 80% of crime

2020-21 — males 6 times as likely to be arrested than women

men — violent crimes, women — theft, shoplifting

male peak offending age 17, female peak offending age 15

female offenders more likely than male offenders to be on benefits

Question 2

gender and crime — victimisation

Answer 2

official stats - men more likely to be victims than women (violence)
Islington Crime Survey - more women victims, just unreported

men — victims of stranger crimes
women — victims of domestic violence crimes (twice as likely) and sexual assault (7 times as likely)

Question 3

liberation theory - Adler

Answer 3

rebellious female subcultures response to the liberation of women
as gender convergence 📈, womens’ assertiveness independence + power 📈 (leads to crime + deviance)

Question 4

Messerschmidt

Answer 4

HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY has key 🔑 values: difficult.
(breadwinner, brave, leadership, strong, status, emotionally detached, dominating women)

some men (espec. lower class) RESORT TO CRIME + DEVIANCE to achieve difficult key 🔑 values and be seen as a REAL MAN 💪👨

middle class men can demonstrate values via education 📖 or job

Question 5

Heidensohn

Answer 5

CONTROL THEORY (Heidensohn):
— young women more controlled by parents then young men, so less opportunity for crime