Topic 10 - Functional Groups to Remember

Question 1

HS: Haloalkanes

Answer 1

FG: Chloro, Fluoro, Bromo, Iodo

Symbol: -Cl, -F, -Br, -I (replaces 1 hydrogen molecule each)

Name: chloro-, fluoro-, bromo-, iodo-

Question 2

HS: Alcohol/alkanol

Answer 2

FG: Hydroxyl

Symbol: -OH (replaces 1 hydrogen molecule each)

Name: -ol (Ethanol)

Question 3

HS: Carboxylic acids

Answer 3

FG: Carboxyl

Symbol: -COOH (replaces carbon and 3 terminating hydrogen molecules)

Name: -oic acid (Ethanoic acid)

Question 4

HS: Ester

Answer 4

FG: Ester link

Symbol: -COO- (replaces carbon and 2 hydrogen molecules)

Name: alcohol + yl and -oate (Ethyl ethanonate)

Question 5

HS: Aldehyde

Answer 5

FG: Carbonyl

Symbol: -CO (replaces carbon and 2 terminating hydrogen molecule)

Name: -al (Ethanal)

Question 6

HS: Ketone

Answer 6

FG: Carbonyl

Symbol: -CO (replaces carbon and 2 non-termianting hydrogen molecules)

Name: -one (Propanone)

Question 7

HS: Primary Amine

Answer 7

FG: Amino

Symbol: -NH2 (replaces 1 hydrogen molecule)

Name: -ylamine (Ethylamine)

Question 8

HS: Primary Amide

Answer 8

FG: Amide link

Symbol: -CONH (NH of amine replaces OH group of carboxylic acid FG)

Name: Drop the -oic acid or -ic acid endings and add -amide (Ethanoic acid -> Ethanamide)