Topic 10- Cost of Capital Flashcards
Shares are …
equity
Bonds are …
debt
The discount rate is made of
debt capital and equity capital
Debt capital is the return to
bondholders
Equity capital is the return to
shareholders
Bondholders payouts explained
paid 1st
contractual obligation for set paid amount every t with the principal paid at the end (coupon and face value)
there is still some uncertainty
Shareholders payouts explained
paid 2nd
no contractual obligation ( board decided divs if going well)
For NPV CFs belong to
firm/project
For NPV COC expected by
investors
Cost of capital
hurdle rate/rate of return
coc helps determine if and where businesses(3pts)
should invest, borrow and return to stockholders
req ror on asset depends
upon the risk of CFs generated by asset
interest rates =
cost of money
COC is req r for
for investment porjects
COC measures
how market assesses risk of asset composite cost to firm (project=mini firm) of raising finance to fund projects
Cost of equity
coe cap is the return req to stockholders (eq) given the risk of the CFS flowing from holders to eq
Cost of equity formulas
expected retrun = risk free rate + (beta(market risk-risk free rate)) or r= (D1/P0)+g
CAPM model is preferred for COE why?
it includes more risk factors not just market returns
Cost of debt
cod cap is the int rate company pays on its debt given risk of CFs flowing from debt to holders
before tax cod estimated by
YTM (using familiar bond valuation eq)
Tax benefits to…
debt
for COD bank loan or bond what parts
r or YTM
Pre tax COD
int rate
After tax COD formula
ir x(1-TR)
After tax COD is true
effective COD of company
Cost of preferred equity
preferred divs are a fixed div amount promised to shareholders at regular interval for indefinite t
the cost of preferred stock is the
preferred div yield
COPE formula
r= D1/P0
COPE explained (voting rights…)
no voting rights, its a share
paid before shareholders if going bankrupt after debt holders
dividends are a contractual obligation
WACC
weighted average cost of capital
WACC is the
weighted average of after-tax costs of each source of capital
WACC can be used to value a project how?
using NPV it is the r
WACC E, D, V We, Wd formulas
E= n shares x price per share
D= n bonds x bond price
V= E + D
We= E/V
Wd= D/V
WACC formula
(We x Re) + (Wd x Rd(1-T))
The value of debt/equity is determined by
the value of assets
Book Value of D/E
based on historical costs
Markert value D/E
the fair value that is reflective of current worth of bonds/shares based on PV of future CFs
The WACC Rw is the cost…
of cap across both sources of capital for a company