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y1 chemistry > Topic 10 (Acids and Bases) > Flashcards

Topic 10 (Acids and Bases) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid?

A

A substance that produces H+ ions when dissolved in water

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2
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance that neutralises an acid forming salt and water.

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3
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base dissolved in water, producing hydroxide ions.

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4
Q

Write the general equation for the reaction between acids and reactive metals.

A

Acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen gas

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5
Q

Describe how you would test for hydrogen gas

A

Place a lighted splint in the gas. If hydrogen is present, the splint will be extinguished with a pop sound.

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6
Q

Which metals do not react with dilute acids?

A

Copper, silver, gold, platinum

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7
Q

Which metals react explosively with dilute acids?

A

Potassium, sodium, calcium

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8
Q

Write the general equation for the reaction between acids and carbonates.

A

Carbonate + acid -> salt + carbon dioxide + water

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9
Q

Describe how you would test for carbon dioxide gas

A

Bubble the gas through limewater. If carbon dioxide is present, a white precipitate will be observed

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10
Q

Is effervescence observed when acids react with metals and carbonates?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Write the general equation for the neutralisation reaction between an acid and a base.

A

acid + base -> salt + water

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12
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

An acid that dissociates partially when dissolved in water, producing a low concentration of hydrogen ions.

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13
Q

What is a weak alkali?

A

An alkali that dissociates partially when dissolved in water, producing a low concentration of hydroxide ions.

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14
Q

Acids, neutral substances and bases have what pH ranges?

A

Acids have pH < 7, neutral substances have pH = 7, bases have pH > 7

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15
Q

What are the physical properties of acids?

A

Acids taste sour and acidic solutions conduct electricity.

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16
Q

What are the physical properties of alkalis?

A

Acids taste bitter, feel slippery and soapy and alkaline solutions conduct electricity.

17
Q

Write the ionic equation for neutralisation.

A

H+ + OH- -> H2O

18
Q

What is the colour of methyl orange indicator in acidic and alkaline solutions?

A

Red in acidic solution, yellow in alkaline solution

19
Q

What is the colour of litmus paper in acidic and alkaline solutions?

A

Red in acidic solution, blue in alkaline solution. In neutral solution there is no colour change.

20
Q

What is the colour of phenolphthalein indicator in acidic and alkaline solutions?

A

Colourless in acidic solution, pink in alkaline solution

21
Q

What is the colour of Universal Indicator in acidic and alkaline solutions?

A

Red in strong acid solution, violet in strong alkali solution

y1 chemistry (12 decks)

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