Topic 10

Question 1

Cations

Answer 1

carry positive charges
-Repell against other cations
-attracted to anions

Question 2

Anions

Answer 2

carry negative charges
-repell against other anions
-attracted to cations

Question 3

ions to know with their charges

Answer 3

-Hydrogen (H+)
-Chlorine (Cl-)
-Potssium (K+)
-Calcium (Ca+)
-Sodium (Na+)

Question 4

Extracellular

Answer 4

-Slight excess of cations (positive pole)
-150 mM Na+
-10mM K+
-Na+/K+ ATPase
-Na+ Leak Channel
-K+ leak channel

Question 5

Intracellular

Answer 5

-Slight excess of anions (negative pole)
-Excess proteins and anions
-10mM Na+
-ATP to ADP + Pi
-150 mM K+

Question 6

Polarized

Answer 6

Distinct seperation of structures, divides different areas based on their properties and jobs

Question 7

What is happening when a neuron is at rest?

Answer 7

No electrical signal is passing through

Question 8

Characteristics of the plasma membrane

Answer 8

it is electrochemically polarized due to the ATP pump and leak channels

Question 9

Most animal cells are what?

Answer 9

They are electrically polarizaled

Question 10

When is a cell neutral?

Answer 10

A cell is neutral when there is the same amount of negative and positive charges inside and outside of the cell. There is no unpaired charges

Question 11

When is a cell polarized

Answer 11

A cell is polarized when there is either an excess of positive or negative charges on either side of the plasma membrane (extracellular/intracellular)