Topic 1- The Atom

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The fundamental building block of all materials

Question 2

Atomic model

Answer 2

Scientists representation of an atom determined by experiment and indirect observation

Question 3

Atomic number

Answer 3

The number of protons in a nucleus, defines the atom

Question 4

Atomic symbol

Answer 4

A short hand notation for describing an atom - chemical symbol, mass number and atomic number included

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

A pure substance that is made up of two or more different types of atoms, chemically joined

Question 6

Crystal lattice

Answer 6

A grid like structure of atoms or ions where each particle is bonded to each of its neighbouring atoms

Question 7

Electron

Answer 7

A small, negatively charged particle, clouds of electrons surround the nucleus of an atom

Question 8

Electron configuration

Answer 8

The number of electrons in each of the electrons shells of an atom

Question 9

Electron shell

Answer 9

Part of the electron cloud, it is a layer that surrounds the nucleus and can only hold a certain number of electrons

Question 10

Element

Answer 10

A substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 11

Isotopes

Answer 11

Atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in their nucleus

Question 12

Mass number

Answer 12

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 13

Molecule

Answer 13

A cluster of atoms that makes up an element of compound

Question 14

Neutral

Answer 14

Having no overall charge

Question 15

Neutron

Answer 15

A particle with no electric charge, found in the nucleus of an atom

Question 16

Nucleus

Answer 16

A cluster of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom

Question 17

Periodic table

Answer 17

A Table showing all 118 known types of atoms- elements

Question 18

Proton

Answer 18

A positively charged particle in the nucleus

Question 19

Anion

Answer 19

A negatively charged ion

Question 20

Cation

Answer 20

A positively charged ion

Question 21

Ion

Answer 21

An atom that has lost or gained electrons and therefore has an electric charge

Question 22

Ionic bond

Answer 22

The bond between an anion and cation due to electrostatic attraction of their opposite charges

Question 23

Ionic compound

Answer 23

A compound made up of cations and anions

Question 24

Solubility

Answer 24

How easily a substance dissolves

Question 25

Alpha decay

Answer 25

A nuclear reaction in which a nucleus ejects an alpha particles

Question 26

Alpha particle

Answer 26

A particle made up of two protons and two neutrons

Question 27

Alpha radiation

Answer 27

A form of ionizing radiation made up of alpha particles

Question 28

Beta decay

Answer 28

A form of nuclear reaction in which a beta particle is ejected from the nucleus

Question 29

Beta particle

Answer 29

A small, negatively charged particle that can be ejected from a nucleus during a nuclear reaction -identical to an electron

Question 30

Beta radiation

Answer 30

Nuclear radiation that is made up of beta particles

Question 31

Carbon dating

Answer 31

A method for judging the age of fossils by analyzing the amount of carbon-14 in a fossil

Question 32

Cosmetic radiation

Answer 32

Radiation that comes to earth from distant stars

Question 33

Dose (radiation)

Answer 33

The amount of radiation absorbed over a period of time

Question 34

Electromagnetic radiation

Answer 34

Radiation that travels through a vacuum as waves rather than particles

Question 35

Fission

Answer 35

A nuclear reaction in which a very large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei of a similar mass number