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Science > Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Adaption

A

A feature that an organism has that enables it to survive

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2
Q

Abiotic factor

A

A non living factor of the environment

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3
Q

Biotic factor

A

A living factor of the environment

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4
Q

Commensalism

A

Relationship between two organisms, where one benefits and the other is unharmed

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5
Q

Community

A

All the living organisms in an ecosystem

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6
Q

Competition

A

Relationship between organisms that are trying to use the same limited resource

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7
Q

Ecology

A

The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment

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8
Q

Ecosystem

A

A place where organisms and their physical surroundings form a balanced environment that is different to others nearby

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9
Q

Ectothermic

A

Animals that obtain body heat from outside their bodies

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10
Q

Endothermic

A

Animals that can generate body heat internally

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11
Q

Environment

A

All the factors in an organisms surroundings that affect it

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12
Q

Habitat

A

Where an organism lives

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13
Q

Interdependence

A

Relationship between organisms, where each effects the others survival

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14
Q

Mutualism

A

Relationship between two organisms living closely together where each benefits the other

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15
Q

Parasitism

A

Relationship between two organisms where one organism lives on or in the other and feeds off it

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16
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The process by which plants make their food

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17
Q

Physical factor

A

A non living factor

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18
Q

Predation

A

Relationship between two organisms where one organism kills and eats the other

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19
Q

Biodiversity

A

The range of different species in a community

20
Q

Consumers

A

Organisms that require a ready made source of food

21
Q

Decomposers

A

Organisms such as bacteria that break down the bodies of dead organisms and animal wastes and recycle matter

22
Q

Ecological footprint

A

The area of land and water needed to maintain resources necessary for survival

23
Q

First order consumer

A

In a food chain. The position of a producer

24
Q

Food chain

A

A sequence of organisms feeding on each other

25
Q

Food web

A

all the linked food chains in an ecosystem

26
Q

Keystone species

A

Species that are critical to the survival of an entire ecosystem

27
Q

Producers

A

Organisms that make food for the community

28
Q

Productivity

A

How well an area supports life

29
Q

Pyramid of biomass

A

A diagram that shows the total mass of organisms at each stage of a food chain

30
Q

Second order consumer

A

The animal feeding on the first order consumer

31
Q

Sustainable living

A

For humans, living in a way that ensures that resources do not run out and natural ecosystems are not damaged

32
Q

Thrid order consumer

A

The animal feeding on the second order consumer

33
Q

Bushfire

A

A fire that burns natural vegetation in forests, woodland or grassland

34
Q

Chemical pollution

A

Chemicals escaping into the environment that can damage ecosystems

35
Q

Drought

A

An extended period of no rainfall,in an area, even in seasons when it normally rains

36
Q

Epicormic growth

A

Growth of new shoots from the stems of trees and shrubs after a fire

37
Q

Feral animals

A

An Introduced species of animal that has become established in the wild

38
Q

Fire stick farming

A

A hunting method used by australin aboriginal people, in which vegetation is burned to flush out the animals and rejuvenate the land

39
Q

Flood

A

An event where water covers the land and does not soak in for a long time

40
Q

Global warming

A

The increase in the temperature of the earths atmosphere

41
Q

Habitat destruction

A

Damage caused to the factors in the environment that an organism depends on for survival

42
Q

Introduced species

A

Animals and plants brought into australin from other countries

43
Q

Lingo tuber

A

A swollen underground stem of eucalypt that can resist fire

44
Q

Mallee

A

A type of eucalypt that has lingo tubers

45
Q

Over cropping

A

Killing more animals than the population can replace by its normals breeding cycle

46
Q

Overpopulation

A

When there are too many of a species for the ecosystem to support them and remain sustainable

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