Topic 1: Radiation

Question 1

When does radiation occur?

Answer 1

It occurs when energy propagates through space

Question 2

In what form is radiation transmitted?

Answer 2

waves or particles

Question 3

How does electromagnetic radiation travel and what do they travel as

Answer 3

they travel in waves as visible light, radio waves, x-rays and gamma

Question 4

What is radiation?

Answer 4

the transmission of energy in waves/particles through space or a medium

Question 5

All forms of _______ _____ travel as waves

Answer 5

electromagnetic radiation

Question 6

Some types of atomic decay lead to…

Answer 6

/particle radiation

Question 7

What are sound waves?

Answer 7

pressure fluctuations in a medium

Question 8

What types of radiation are a result of kinetic energy?

Answer 8

Particle radiation and mechanical radiation

Question 9

Examples of particle radiation

Answer 9

electrons, protons, neutrons, etc.

Question 10

Examples of mechanical radiation

Answer 10

only state of motion is the propagation (ex. sound waves, ultrasound)

Question 11

Does radiation as a result of electromagnetic field require a medium?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What does radiation as a result of an electromagnetic field generate?

Answer 12

electric and magentic forces that act on surrounding particles with electromagnetic properties

Question 13

How does propagation resulting of electromagnetic field travel?

Answer 13

Through transverse waves

Question 14

How can radiation be classified?

Answer 14

In how they interact with matter and the properties of the radiation itself

Question 15

What are the types of radiation classified in how it interacts with matter?

Answer 15

Non-ionizing and ionizing radiation

Question 16

What is non-ionizing radiation?

Answer 16

all mechanical waves, every electromagnetic wave with frequency lower than UV

Question 17

What is ionizing radiation?

Answer 17

high frequency radiation that transfers energy to electrons of a molecule….. turns the atom in an ion; can cause harm to living DNA: used for cancer treatment and medical imaging

Question 18

What is radiant power, and what is the equation?

Answer 18

the amount of energy over time- measured in Watts: P=ΔE/Δt

Question 19

What is radiant emittance and what is the equation?

Answer 19

/radiant flux- describes the radiant energy emitted from a radiation source per unit area (direction is neglected) M=ΔP/ΔA in Watts/meters2

Question 20

What is intensity and what is the equation to find it?

Answer 20

measures the strength of the radiant beam- measures the radiation being propagated J=ΔP/ΔA

Question 21

What is attenuation?

Answer 21

the gradual loss of flux intensity while passing through a medium

Question 22

What is the attenuation of radiation law?

Answer 22

J=Jo * e^ -μx stating that the attenuation coefficient (μ) is dependent on density, type of radiation and interaction of the radiation and medium (x is thickness of material)

Question 23

Unit of radiation POWER

Answer 23

Watts (joules/second)

Question 24

Unit of radiation ENERGY

Answer 24

Joules

Question 25

Unit of radiation EMITTANCE

Answer 25

W per meter^2

Question 26

Unit of radiation INTENSITY

Answer 26

W/m^2

Question 27

Unit of IRRADIANCE

Answer 27

W/m^2

Question 28

What are simple laws of radiation?

Answer 28

Laws based on how radiation spreads. Useful when trying to find how to expose crops to more light, or avoiding radiation exposure

Question 29

Radiation when spherically radiating outward from a point has an intensity of

Answer 29

1/r^2