TOPIC 1 OVERVIEW Flashcards
STATE the authority and purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHACT)
of 1970.*** (Reference Navy Safety and Occupational Health Program Manual,
OPNAVINST 5100.23 Series, Section 19).
(1) Directed the head of each federal department and agency to establish a Occupational Safety and Health program.**
(2) Provide safe and healthful places and conditions of employment.
(3) Acquire, maintain, and require the use of safety equipment, personal protective
equipment, and devices reasonably necessary to protect employees.
(4) Keep adequate records of all occupational accidents and illnesses for proper
evaluation and necessary corrective action.
(5) Consult with the Secretary of Labor with regard to the adequacy as to form and
content of records kept
(6) Make an annual report to the Secretary of Labor with respect to occupational
accidents and injuries and the agency’s program under this section
(Each fed agency needs OSH program, safe environments, PPE, adequate records, sec labor for adequacy as to form and content of records kept, annual report to the secretary of labor)
STATE the purposes of the federal agencies implemented by the OSHACT of 1970.
(Reference Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act, OSHACT of 1970,
OSHA’s Mission, http://www.osha.gov/about.html).
a. Federal Agencies Implemented by the OSHACT
(1) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
(a) The Department of Labor created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) on April 28, 1971.*
(b) OSHA’s purpose:
1) Ensure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women By setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach,
education and assistance.
(2) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
(a) Principal Federal Agency engaged in research to eliminate on-the job hazards.
(b) Technical assistance to OSHA. AND RESEARCH?
- DESCRIBE the Navy Instructions that guide the NAVOSH programs.
(Reference Navy Safety and Occupational Health Program Manual,
OPNAVINST 5100.23 Series, Department of the Navy Policy for
Safety, Mishap Prevention, Occupational Health and Fire Protection
Programs, SECNAVINST 5100.10 Series, Navy Occupational Safety
and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat,
OPNAVINST 5100.19 Series, Manual of Naval Preventive Medicine,
NAVMED P-5010, Current Edition, Chapter 3, Safety and
Environmental Health Manual, COMDTINST M5100.47 Series.
a. Navy Instructions which implement Occupational Safety and Health.
(1) SECNAVINST 5100.10 series (Department of the Navy Policy for Safety, Mishap Prevention, Occupational Health and Fire Protection Programs)
(a) Implements the references to provide policy for the Department ofthe Navy safety, mishap prevention, and occupational health and
fire protection programs afloat and ashore.
(2) OPNAVINST 5100.23 series (Navy Occupational Safety and Health Program Manual)*
(a) Manual covering 30 topics/programs and applies to shore facilities.
(3) OPNAVINST 5100.19 series (Navy Occupational Safety and Health Program Manual for Forces Afloat)*
(a) Consists of four sections:*
1) Section A – SOH Program Administration
2) Section B – Major Hazard Specific Chapters
3) Section C – Surface Ship Safety Standards
4) Section D – Submarines Safety Standards
(4)REPLACE THIS BULLET C-3 REV 2, Chapter 3 (Prevention of Heat and Cold Stress Injuries/Ashore, Afloat, and Ground Forces)
(5) COMDTINST M5100.47 Series (Safety and Environmental Health Manual)
(a) Provides general guidance and policies designed to prevent thermal stress and degraded personnel and mission performance. Coast Guard personnel routinely encounter extreme environments that can lead to thermal stress injury or illness.
DEFINE the terms associated with Occupational Safety and Health. (Reference Navy
Occupational Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat,
OPNAVINST 5100.19 Series, Glossary).
a. Industrial Hygiene:
(1) The science*** that deals with the recognition, evaluation, and control of potential health hazards in the work environment.
b. Occupational Health:
(1) A multi-disciplinary field of general preventive medicine which is concerned with prevention and/or treatment of illness induced by factors in the workplace environment. The major disciplines are:
(a) Occupational Medicine
(b) Occupational Health Nursing
(c) Epidemiology
(d) Toxicology
(e) Industrial Hygiene
(f) Health Physics
STATE the personnel responsibilities in regards to the NAVOSH Programs. (Reference
Navy Occupational Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat,
OPNAVINST 5100.19 Series, Chapter A2).
a. Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy Installations and Environmental)
b. Chief of Naval Operations
c. Fleet Commanders
d. Immediate Superiors in Command (ISICs)
e. Commander Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEASYSCOM)
f. Chief Bureau of Medicine and Surgery
j. Safety Officer
k. Medical Officer/Medical Department Representative
m. Division Safety Petty Officers
n. Safety Council
o. Enlisted Safety Committee
p. Individual Crew Members “ALL HANDS”
DESCRIBE the different workplace inspections and surveys. (Reference Navy
Occupational Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat,
OPNAVINST 5100.19 Series, Chapter A3).
a. The CORE of the NAVOSH Program is training, identification, control and elimination of
safety and health hazards.
(1) Principle way to discover safety and health hazards is through workplace
inspections.
b. Types of workplace inspections:
(1) Safety Inspections
(a) Ensure that all workplace are inspected at least annually.*
(b) Safety Officer retains the inspection results for at least two years.*
c. Industrial Hygiene Surveys
(1) Each ship is required to have baseline industrial hygiene surveys conducted.
(2) Required IH Survey Time periods:
(a) Baseline
(b) Between the completion of each yard period.
(c) New construction
1) Between builders trials and acceptance trials, IF POSSIBLE; or
2) As soon after commissioning as possible.
(3) Baseline Industrial Hygiene Surveys contain the following:
(a) Executive Summary of findings
(b) Administrative Evaluation of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Health Programs.
(c) List of eye hazardous processes.
(d) List of areas requiring respiratory protection.
(e) Sound Level Survey with a list of noise hazardous areas
(f) Air sampling results
(g) Hazard evaluation
(h) Ventilation Evaluation of exhaust systems to control contaminants
(i) Medical Surveillance Requirements
(j) Recommendations
(4) Re-new baseline when system, equipment, or load-out changes significantly
affect the onboard hazard and/or risk.
(a) Examples of such changes are:
1) New or modified equipment
2) Introduction of new toxic chemical
3) Deterioration of existing controls.
d. Job-site Observation
(1) Purpose is to detect and correct hazards resulting from worker non-compliance.
(a) Frequent non-compliance may warrant a safety stand-down.?
(2) Random walk through by:
(a) Commanding Officer
(b) Executive Officer
(c) Department Heads
(d) Division Officers
(e) Work Center Supervisors
**Chiefs, Safetyo, Div Safety are NOT on this list*
(3) Should be performed:
(a) During the work day
(b) During evolutions
e. Afloat Operational Safety Assessment (AOSA)
(1) Conducted by Commander Naval Safety Center.
(2) 1-2 day in duration.
(3) Includes training and a survey of a representative sample of the entire ship.
(4) AOSA Purpose:
(a) Identifies Safety Hazards.
(b) Trains Safety Personnel.
(c) Provides C.O. with an evaluation of the ship.
(d) Promotes hazard awareness.
(5) Reports stay at “ship’s” level and do not require follow up.
(6) Required Time Periods:
(a) Can be conducted at command request.
(b) Assessments should be conducted every 6 years for surface ship and submarines.*
f. Board of Inspection and Survey (INSURV) and Command Occupational Safety and Health
Management Evaluations
(1) Evaluates ship’s compliance to NAVOSH
(2) SOH and environmental protection inspections are conducted during final contract trials.
(3) Copies of all SOH related discrepancy results from these inspections must be routed to the safety officer to ensure that identified safety hazards are
documented and tracked to correction.
g. Civilian Officials
(1) OSHA may conduct inspections on ships but must meet all classification and military unique requirements.
(2) State officials MAY NOT conduct safety inspections on ships.*
MANAGE Occupational Health Medical Surveillance. (Reference Navy Occupational
Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat, OPNAVINST
5100.19 Series, Chapter A3).
a. Medical Surveillance Program Purpose
(1) To monitor the health of individuals exposed to hazards in the fleet by:*
(a) Job certification and re-certification exams.*
(2) To determine individual’s fitness to begin or continue to perform a job safely and effectively.
(3) Monitoring the health of employees who are exposed to known hazards.
(4) Medical Surveillance provides for “Secondary Protection”.
(a) Detect early indicators of excessive exposure caused by the work environment.
(5) Helps prevent actual disease, injury or illness.
(6) Allows for timely corrective actions.
DESCRIBE the requirements of a Safety Hazard Report. (Reference Navy Occupational
Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat, OPNAVINST
5100.19 Series, Chapter A3).
a. Safety Hazard Report Requirements
(1) Hazards are tracked until verified as corrected or eliminated.
(2) Some hazards may be corrected by ships force, while others may require to be corrected during availabilities or maintenance periods.
(3) Tracked and forwarded to Safety Officer
(4) All crew members are encouraged to report potential hazards.
(5) Communication of hazard can be done either orally or in writing to next in Chain of Command.
(6) Safety hazard reports are submitted if safety deficiencies are not corrected on the spot.*
(7) If supervisor fails to take appropriate action, crew member may complete an OPNAV 3120/5*** (Safety Hazard Report).
(a) May be typed or hand written.
(b) Forwarded to Safety Officer.
DESCRIBE the Hazard Abatement program. (Reference Navy Occupational Safety and
Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat, OPNAVINST 5100.19 Series,
Chapter A4).
a. Hazard Abatement Program Description
(1) Process by which identified hazards that are not able to be immediately corrected are recorded and tracked to completion.
(a) Hazards are tracked until verified as corrected or eliminated.
(b) Some hazards may be corrected by ships force, while others may require may be corrected during availabilities or maintenance periods.
b. Risk Assessment Code (RAC)
(1) Each identified hazards are assigned a Risk Assessment code (RAC) by Safety Officer.
(a) RAC provides a priority for the corrections and deficiencies.* (See RAC Matrix on pg. A4-7, OPNAVINST 5100.19 series).
(b) RAC is derived using Hazard Severity and Mishap Probability
1) Hazard Severity - an assessment of the worst reasonably expected consequence, defined by degree of injury, illness, or physical damage which likely to occur as a result of the hazard. *
a) Hazard severity categories are assigned Roman numerals.*
(1 I - Catastrophic: Hazard may cause death, loss of facility or grave damage to national interest.*
(2 II - Critical: Hazard may cause severe injury, illness, property damage, damage to national interest.*
(3 III - Marginal: Hazard may cause minor injury, illness, property damage.*
(4 IV - Negligible: Hazard presents a minimal threat to personnel safety or health property.*
(c) Mishap Probability - the likelihood that a hazard will result in a mishap.
1) Mishap Probability is assigned a letter.
a) A - Likely to occur immediately or the very near future.
b) B - Probably will occur in time.
c) C - May occur in time.
d) D - Unlike to occur
LIST the Occupational Safety and Health Programs. (Reference Navy Occupational
Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat, OPNAVINST
5100.19 Series).
a. Occupational Safety and Health Programs
(1) Asbestos Control Program^
(2) Heat Stress Program^
(3) Hazardous Material Control and Management Program^
(4) Hearing Conservation Program^
(5) Sight Conservation Program^
(6) Respiratory Protection Program^
(7) Electrical Safety Program
(8) Gas Free Engineering Program
(9) Radiation Protection Program
(10) Lead Control Program
(11) Tag-Out Program
(12) Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
^=first 6 is what we’re going over in NAVOSH
LIST the procedures used to prevent, control, and report workplace hazards. (Reference
Navy Occupational Safety and Health (NAVOSH) Program Manual for Forces Afloat,
OPNAVINST 5100.19 Series, Chapter A4)
a. Three methods of controlling hazards.**
(1) Prevent the hazard at the design stage.
(2) Identify and eliminate existing hazards.
(3) Reduce the likelihood and severity of mishaps from hazards that cannot be eliminated.
b. Principles of Hazard Control (IN ORDER OF PREFERRED APPLICATION)
(1) Substitution
(a) Replacement of a process, material or equipment having a lower hazard potential
(b) ENSURE the new substitute material does not create a new hazard*
(2) Engineering Controls
(a) Primarily accomplished through design and advance planning.
(b) Should be approved by Safety and Industrial Hygiene before implementing.
(c) Two types of Engineering Controls:
1) Isolation: Physical separation* of a hazard from personnel to eliminate or minimize contact. Involves the use of a barrier such as:
a) Physical barrier - (machine guards)
b) Time barrier - (timed operation of semi-automatic equipment)
c) Distance barrier - (remote control)
2) Ventilation - The control of potentially hazardous airborne substances
through the movement of air.
a) General Ventilation or “dilution ventilation” is the dilution of the concentration of an airborne substance by mixing it with
uncontaminated air.
b) Local Exhaust Ventilation - is the removal of an airborne substance at its source or point of generation.
(3) Administrative Controls
(a) Employs special operating procedures to reduce the exposure of
individuals to hazards.
1) Limiting access to high hazard areas
2) Adjusted work schedules
(4) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
(a) Personnel wear special equipment to prevent/reduce exposure to a hazard.
(b) Least preferred method because:
1) Exposure can occur upon breakdown or failure of PPE.
2) PPE reduces worker’s productivity.
(c) Can be used in conjunction with other abatement measures.
- MANAGE Blood borne Pathogen Program
a. Definition
(1) Blood borne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans.* These pathogens include, but are not limited to Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
b. Medical Surveillance Criteria
(1) All Sailors reasonably anticipated to be at risk for exposure to contaminated
blood/body fluids via:
(a) Eyes
(b) Skin
(c) Mucus Membranes
(d) Parenteral routes
c. Required Exams
(1) Baseline: Blood borne pathogen education and administration of Hepatitis B
vaccination series (only for those not immune).
(2) Emergency Exposure: Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up.
(a) Required Medical History
1) Detailed history of exposure to determine health risk.
d. Special Procedures
(1) Initial: Verification of Hepatitis B immunity.
(2) Emergency Exposure
(a) Immediate cleansing specific to the type of exposure
(b) Testing of blood for Hepatitis B and C serological status’ testing of source’s blood for HIV, Hepatitis B and C infectivity.
e. Written Medical Opinion (If exposed)
(1) Whether Hepatitis B vaccination is indicated and received.
(2) Member informed of results of evaluation.
(3) Member counseled regarding the risk associated with the specific exposure.
(4) Member counseled on post-exposure prophylaxis efficacy, indications of
initiation, timing of initiation, and regimen selection as soon as possible. The
goal is to start HIV post- exposure within 1 to 2 hours after exposure.
Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy Installations and Environmental)
(1) Designated occupational safety and health official for the DON. ***
Chief of Naval Operations
(1) Implementation and management of the NAVOSH program.
(2) Establishes policy and standards for ALL commanders.
(3) Establishes planning, programming, staffing and budgeting for NAVOSH Programs.***
Fleet Commanders (TYCOMS)
(TYCOMS)
(1) Ensure subordinate commands:
(a) Conduct an aggressive NAVOSH program.
(b) Program oversight must be conducted on subordinate commands at least once every 3 years.
