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MCR101 > Topic 1 -Introduction > Flashcards

Topic 1 -Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is bacteriology?

A

study of bacteria

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2
Q

What is mycology?

A

study of fungi

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3
Q

What is parasitology?

A

study of protozoa & parasitic worms

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4
Q

What are several ways microbes affect your life?

A

few are pathogenic (cause disease)
decompose organic waste/fix nitrogen =>recycle carbon & nitrogen
produce fermented foods
make biotechnology products e.g. human insulin
make industrial chemicals e.g. ethanol, acetone
make recombinant vaccines & pharmaceuticals
photosynthesis (cyanobacteria) =>making 50% of world’s oxygen

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5
Q

List the taxonomic hierarchy? (in order)

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus 
Species
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6
Q

What are the 3 domains of life?

A

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

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7
Q

How is bacteriology different from mycology?

A

Mycology is study of fungi

bacteriology is study of bacteria

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8
Q

How did Louis Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation?

A

Swan-necked flask experiment

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9
Q

Name several key individuals & their contributions to microbiology history

A

Robert Hooke -coined term cells, first to observe
Anton van Leeuwenhoek -first to observe bacteria & protozoa
Carolus Linnaeus -devised binomial nomenclature
Louis Pasteur -disproved spontaneous generation
Robert Virchow -introduced cell theory (biogenesis), plagerised from Robert Remak
Robert Koch -Koch’s postulates for microorganisms in disease
Alexander Fleming -identified penicillium mould
Howard Florey & Ernst Chain -penicillin
Barry Marshall & Robin Warren -helicobacter pylori cause of peptic ulcers

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10
Q

List the major types of microorganisms

A 
Bacteria
Archaea
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Viruses
Multicellular Animal Parasites
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11
Q

Characteristics of bacteria?

A 
Have peptidoglycan
single celled
prokaryotes
repro. via binary fission
energy =organic/inorganic chemicals or photosynthesis
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12
Q

Characteristics of archaea?

A

single celled
prokaryotic
LACK peptidoglycan
can live in extreme environments =methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles

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13
Q

Characteristics of fungi?

A 
Eukaryotes
complex life
chitin cell walls
energy =organic chemicals
haploid & diploid forms
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14
Q

characteristics of protozoa?

A

eukaryotes
absorb/ingest organic chemicals
may be motile via pseudopods, cilia or flagella
non-directional type movement

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15
Q

characteristics of algae?

A

eukaryotes
cellulose cell walls (main difference)
energy = photosynthesis
produce molecular oxygen & organic compounds

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16
Q

characteristics of multicellular animal parasites?

A

eukaryotes
multicellular
microscopic stages in life cycle

17
Q

characteristics of viruses?

A

acellular
consist of DNA or RNA core surrounded by protein coat
Only replicated in living host cell

18
Q

What is biogenesis?

A

hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life (cell theory)

MCR101 (13 decks)

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