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T4 NUTRITION > Topic 1 - Intro to Nutrition & Massage Therapy > Flashcards

Topic 1 - Intro to Nutrition & Massage Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

The study of nutrients in food, how the body uses them and the relationship between diet, health and disease.

A

Nutrition

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2
Q

Nutrition describes the science behind how what we eat affects our body’s ________ processes.

A

Cellular

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3
Q

Although there is no one size fits all model when it comes to nutrition and diet, it is understood that ____________ and/or ________ in different nutrients, vitamins and minerals can lead to changes in bodily function.

A

Deficiencies
Excesses

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4
Q

The reason what we eat has an effect on our bodies is due to the cellular processes of __________.

A

Metabolism

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5
Q

The chemical process by which the body changes food and drink into energy in order to maintain life and allow for proper cellular functions.

A

Metabolism

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6
Q

What are the 2 main types of metabolic reactions that take place at a cellular level?

A

1) Catabolic Reactions
2) Anabolic Reactions

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7
Q

Metabolic reactions that break down large organic molecules into smaller particles, therefore releasing the energy found in the chemical bonds and creating ATP.

A

Catabolic Reactions

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8
Q

Depending on what molecule is broken during catabolic reactions (e.g. carbohydrates, proteins, fats), the _____ in ATP will differ.

A

Yield

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9
Q

T/F - Catabolic reactions are 100% efficient.

A

False - Catabolic reactions are NOT 100% efficient.

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10
Q

Usually the energy yielded from catabolic reactions is only about ___% ATP.

A

40%

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11
Q

T/F - Catabolic reactions are highly hormonally regulated.

A

True

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12
Q

A hormone that increases blood glucose levels by breaking down fats and proteins.

A

Cortisol

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13
Q

A hormone that stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver.

A

Glucagon

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14
Q

A hormone that stimulates heart rate and respiratory rate, therefore leading to molecule breakdown to increase free glucose.

A

Adrenaline (aka. Epinephrine)

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15
Q

Metabolic reactions that involve the joining of small molecules to create larger ones. These processes will require ATP that was formed from other reactions.

A

Anabolic Reactions

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16
Q

Anabolic reactions ______ new molecules, cells and tissues (e.g. protein synthesis in muscle growth, repair and development).

A

Create

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17
Q

T/F - Anabolic reactions are slightly hormonally regulated.

A

False - Anabolic reactions are HIGHLY hormonally regulated.

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18
Q

A hormone that stimulates the growth of cells, tissues and bones.

A

Growth Hormone

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19
Q

A hormone that stimulates the growth of muscle and bone when inhibiting cell death (apoptosis).

A

Insulin-Like Growth Factor

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20
Q

A hormone that promotes glucose uptake and storage.

A

Insulin

21
Q

A hormone that increases muscle mass and strengthens bone.

A

Testosterone

22
Q

A hormone that increases fat deposition, such as around organs, between muscles and in breast tissue.

A

Estrogen

23
Q

T/F - Metabolism is the sum of all catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body.

A

True

24
Q

The amount of energy used to maintain life.

A

Metabolic Rate

25
Q

Some examples of how __________ can be altered include:
- Diet
- Muscle mass
- Physical activity/exercise
- Age (e.g. sarcopenia, menopause, circadian rhythm)

A

Metabolism

26
Q

The relationship between energy in (food calories taken into the body through food and drink) and energy out (calories being used in the body during metabolism for our daily energy requirements).

A

Energy Balance

27
Q

The energy balance relationship, which is defined by the laws of ______________, dictates whether ______ is lost, gained or remains the same.

A

Thermodynamics
Weight

28
Q

Energy is never really _______ and it’s never really _________. Rather, energy is transferred between entities.

A

Created
Destroyed

29
Q

What are the 3 major “destinations” we convert potential energy that’s stored within our food into?

A

1) Work
2) Heat
3) Storage

30
Q

Energy output from daily physical activities, sleep, digestion, etc.

A

Work

31
Q

A byproduct of “burning” stored energy.

A

Heat

32
Q

When excess energy is consumed.

A

Storage

33
Q

There’s a lot more to energy balance than a change in body ______. Energy balance also has to do with what’s going on at a ________ level.

A

Weight
Cellular

34
Q

When you’re in a ________ energy balance (more in than out) and when you’re in a ________ energy balance (more out than in), everything from your metabolism, hormonal balance and mood are impacted.

A

Positive
Negative

35
Q

________ energy balance can lead to:
- Decline in metabolism
- Decreased bone mass
- Reductions in thyroid hormones
- Reductions in testosterone levels
- Inability to concentrate
- Reduction in physical performance

A

Negative

36
Q

T/F - Negative energy balance does not lead to weight loss.

A

False - Negative energy balance DOES lead to weight loss.

37
Q

When the body detects and energy “deficit,” ____ reserves are called upon to make up the difference.

A

Fat

38
Q

________ energy balance can lead to:
- Plaque build up in arteries
- Blood pressure and cholesterol in our body can increase
- Becoming insulin resistant, which can result in developing diabetes

A

Positive

39
Q

The relationship between the amount of ________ we eat in our diet and the amount of ______ we use in the body determines our body weight and overall health.

A

Calories
Energy

40
Q

Leading an active lifestyle and having a ________ diet can enhance the benefits of massage by improving energy levels, stabilizing hormone levels and improving overall ________.

A

Balanced
Recovery

41
Q

T/F - It is inevitable that patients will ask RMTs for opinions, thoughts and advice around topics of diet and exercise.

A

True

42
Q

T/F - The CMTO states that nutritional counselling is outside the scope of practice for RMTs.

A

True

43
Q

Unless you are a registered dietician, __________ or a holistic nutritionist with the respective college, then you cannot prescribe nutritional ___________, make dietary plans or give dietary advice for your patients.

A

Naturopath
Supplements

44
Q

T/F - Even if you are confident in your nutrition knowledge, you cannot answer basic questions from patients about nutritional concepts as an RMT.

A

False - If you are confident in your nutrition knowledge, you CAN answer basic questions from patients about nutritional concepts as an RMT.

45
Q

T/F - If your patient is asking you specific questions about a given topic, looking for a nutritional prescription or is suffering from a nutritional disorder, always refer them out to a professional.

A

True

46
Q

T/F - The title nutritionist is protected by law and nutritionists undergo formal schooling and must be registered with the College of Nutritionists of Ontario.

A

False - The title DIETICIAN is protected by law and DIETICIANS undergo formal schooling and must be registered with the College of DIETICIANS of Ontario.

47
Q

The practice of dietetics is the assessment of nutrition and nutritional conditions and the treatment and prevention of nutrition related disorders by nutritional means.

A

Dietetic Scope of Practice Statement

48
Q

In Ontario, anyone can call themselves a ____________, as there is no regulatory body overseeing this title in Ontario.

A

Nutritionist

49
Q

What are the 4 provinces in which nutritionist is a protected title?

A

1) Alberta
2) Quebec
3) Nova Scotia
4) PEI

T4 NUTRITION (4 decks)

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